Lorenza Pratali1, Angela Marinoni2, Annalisa Cogo3, Kristian Ujka1, Stefania Gilardoni2, Eva Bernardi3, Paolo Bonasoni2, Rosa Maria Bruno4, Luca Bastiani1, Elisa Vuillermoz5, Paolo Sdringola6, Sandro Fuzzi7. 1. Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy. 2. Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council, Bologna, Italy. 3. Biomedical Sport Studies Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy. 4. Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. 5. EvK2CNR Committee, Bergamo, Italy. 6. Department of Engineering, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy. 7. Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research Council, Bologna, Italy. Electronic address: s.fuzzi@isac.cnr.it.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Exposure to indoor biomass fuel smoke is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between exposure to indoor biomass burning and early pulmonary and cardiovascular damage. METHODS: The indoor levels of particulate matter (PM) [PM10, PM2.5] and black carbon (BC) were monitored in 32 houses in a Himalayan village. Seventy-eight subjects were submitted to spirometry and cardiovascular evaluation [carotid to femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) and echocardiography]. RESULTS: Peak indoor BC concentration up to 100 μg m-3 and PM10 - PM2.5 up to 1945-592 μg m-3 were measured. We found a non-reversible bronchial obstruction in 18% of subjects ≥40 yr; mean forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of the forced vital capacity (FEF25-75) <80% in 54% of subjects, suggestive of early respiratory impairment, significantly and inversely related to age. Average BC was correlated with right ventricular-right atrium gradient (R = 0.449,p = .002), total peripheral resistances (TPR) (R = 0.313,p = .029) and PWV (R = 0.589,p < .0001) especially in subjects >30 yr. In multiple variable analysis, BC remained an independent predictor of PWV (β = 0.556,p = .001), and TPR (β = 0.366;p = .018). CONCLUSIONS: Indoor pollution exposure is associated to early pulmonary and cardiovascular damages, more evident for longer duration and higher intensity exposure.
BACKGROUND: Exposure to indoor biomass fuel smoke is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between exposure to indoor biomass burning and early pulmonary and cardiovascular damage. METHODS: The indoor levels of particulate matter (PM) [PM10, PM2.5] and black carbon (BC) were monitored in 32 houses in a Himalayan village. Seventy-eight subjects were submitted to spirometry and cardiovascular evaluation [carotid to femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) and echocardiography]. RESULTS: Peak indoor BC concentration up to 100 μg m-3 and PM10 - PM2.5 up to 1945-592 μg m-3 were measured. We found a non-reversible bronchial obstruction in 18% of subjects ≥40 yr; mean forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of the forced vital capacity (FEF25-75) <80% in 54% of subjects, suggestive of early respiratory impairment, significantly and inversely related to age. Average BC was correlated with right ventricular-right atrium gradient (R = 0.449,p = .002), total peripheral resistances (TPR) (R = 0.313,p = .029) and PWV (R = 0.589,p < .0001) especially in subjects >30 yr. In multiple variable analysis, BC remained an independent predictor of PWV (β = 0.556,p = .001), and TPR (β = 0.366;p = .018). CONCLUSIONS: Indoor pollution exposure is associated to early pulmonary and cardiovascular damages, more evident for longer duration and higher intensity exposure.
Authors: Jasleen Tiwana; Catherine Benziger; Laura Hooper; Karl Pope; Vijay Alurkar; Ramchandra Kafle; Tula R Sijali; John R Balmes; Joel D Kaufman; Michael N Bates Journal: Glob Heart Date: 2020-02-07