Teresa Vargas1, Phoebe H Lam1,2, Matilda Azis1, K Juston Osborne1, Amy Lieberman1, Vijay A Mittal1,2,3,4,5. 1. Department of Psychology, Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. 2. Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. 3. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL. 4. Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL. 5. Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Characterizing the link between childhood trauma and adult neurocognitive function in psychosis is crucial for improving the fields understanding of how early environmental risk factors impact the presentation of the disorder. To date, the literature has been inconsistent: meta-analytic synthesis is lacking, and it is unclear whether specific cognitive functions are affected. METHODS: A meta-analysis was performed on a total of 3315 subjects with a psychotic disorder. The links between childhood trauma, overall neurocognitive function, and four cognitive subdomains (working memory, executive function, verbal/visual memory, and attention/processing speed) were examined. Relevant sample characteristics and methodological moderators were tested. The strength of the association between trauma and overall neurocognition in individuals with psychotic disorders was also compared to that of healthy controls. RESULTS: Among individuals with psychotic disorders, there was a significant association between overall cognition and childhood trauma, r = -.055; 95% CI = -0.09, -0.02, P = .002. There was also a modest, negative relationship between childhood trauma and working memory, r = -.091; 95% CI = -0.15, -0.03, P = .002. Moderators did not have a significant effect on these analyses. Further, the association between childhood trauma and neurocognition was significantly stronger in healthy controls compared to patients with a psychotic disorder. CONCLUSION: A small negative association was found between overall cognition and childhood trauma in individuals with psychotic disorders. Results suggest the association is less strong for individuals with a psychotic disorder compared to healthy populations. Findings are informative for prominent etiological models of psychosis.
BACKGROUND: Characterizing the link between childhood trauma and adult neurocognitive function in psychosis is crucial for improving the fields understanding of how early environmental risk factors impact the presentation of the disorder. To date, the literature has been inconsistent: meta-analytic synthesis is lacking, and it is unclear whether specific cognitive functions are affected. METHODS: A meta-analysis was performed on a total of 3315 subjects with a psychotic disorder. The links between childhood trauma, overall neurocognitive function, and four cognitive subdomains (working memory, executive function, verbal/visual memory, and attention/processing speed) were examined. Relevant sample characteristics and methodological moderators were tested. The strength of the association between trauma and overall neurocognition in individuals with psychotic disorders was also compared to that of healthy controls. RESULTS: Among individuals with psychotic disorders, there was a significant association between overall cognition and childhood trauma, r = -.055; 95% CI = -0.09, -0.02, P = .002. There was also a modest, negative relationship between childhood trauma and working memory, r = -.091; 95% CI = -0.15, -0.03, P = .002. Moderators did not have a significant effect on these analyses. Further, the association between childhood trauma and neurocognition was significantly stronger in healthy controls compared to patients with a psychotic disorder. CONCLUSION: A small negative association was found between overall cognition and childhood trauma in individuals with psychotic disorders. Results suggest the association is less strong for individuals with a psychotic disorder compared to healthy populations. Findings are informative for prominent etiological models of psychosis.
Authors: M Aas; P Dazzan; V Mondelli; T Toulopoulou; A Reichenberg; M Di Forti; H L Fisher; R Handley; N Hepgul; T Marques; A Miorelli; H Taylor; M Russo; B Wiffen; A Papadopoulos; K J Aitchison; C Morgan; R M Murray; C M Pariante Journal: Psychol Med Date: 2010-06-09 Impact factor: 7.723
Authors: D S van Dam; M van Nierop; W Viechtbauer; E Velthorst; R van Winkel; R Bruggeman; W Cahn; L de Haan; R S Kahn; C J Meijer; I Myin-Germeys; J van Os; D Wiersma Journal: Psychol Med Date: 2014-07-17 Impact factor: 7.723
Authors: Monica Aas; Serena Navari; Ayana Gibbs; Valeria Mondelli; Helen L Fisher; Craig Morgan; Kevin Morgan; James MacCabe; Abraham Reichenberg; Jolanta Zanelli; Paul Fearon; Peter B Jones; Robin M Murray; Carmine M Pariante; Paola Dazzan Journal: Schizophr Res Date: 2012-02-19 Impact factor: 4.939
Authors: Filippo Varese; Feikje Smeets; Marjan Drukker; Ritsaert Lieverse; Tineke Lataster; Wolfgang Viechtbauer; John Read; Jim van Os; Richard P Bentall Journal: Schizophr Bull Date: 2012-03-29 Impact factor: 9.306
Authors: Lucia Sideli; Adriano Schimmenti; Daniele La Barbera; Caterina La Cascia; Laura Ferraro; Monica Aas; Luis Alameda; Eva Velthorst; Helen L Fisher; Vincenzo Caretti; Giulia Trotta; Giada Tripoli; Diego Quattrone; Charlotte Gayer-Anderson; Fabio Seminerio; Crocettarachele Sartorio; Giovanna Marrazzo; Antonio Lasalvia; Sarah Tosato; Ilaria Tarricone; Domenico Berardi; Giuseppe D'Andrea; Celso Arango; Manuel Arrojo; Miguel Bernardo; Julio Bobes; Julio Sanjuán; Jose Luis Santos; Paulo Rossi Menezes; Cristina Marta Del-Ben; Hannah E Jongsma; Peter B Jones; James B Kirkbride; Pierre-Michel Llorca; Andrea Tortelli; Baptiste Pignon; Lieuwe de Haan; Jean-Paul Selten; Jim Van Os; Bart P Rutten; Marta Di Forti; Craig Morgan; Robin M Murray Journal: Schizophr Bull Date: 2022-05-07 Impact factor: 7.348
Authors: Mark Corcoran; Emma L Hawkins; Denis O'Hora; Heather C Whalley; Jeremy Hall; Stephen M Lawrie; Maria R Dauvermann Journal: Brain Behav Date: 2020-05-09 Impact factor: 2.708
Authors: Yann Quidé; Leonardo Tozzi; Mark Corcoran; Dara M Cannon; Maria R Dauvermann Journal: Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat Date: 2020-12-14 Impact factor: 2.570
Authors: Błażej Misiak; Paweł Karpiński; Elżbieta Szmida; Tomasz Grąźlewski; Marcin Jabłoński; Katarzyna Cyranka; Joanna Rymaszewska; Patryk Piotrowski; Kamila Kotowicz; Dorota Frydecka Journal: J Clin Med Date: 2020-11-24 Impact factor: 4.241