Ghazaleh Mohammadi1, Leila Dargahi2, Amir Peymani3, Yazdan Mirzanejad4, Safar Ali Alizadeh3, Taghi Naserpour5, Marjan Nassiri-Asl5. 1. a Department of Molecular Medicine , Qazvin University of Medical Sciences , Qazvin , Iran. 2. b NeuroBiology Research Center , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran. 3. c Medical Microbiology Research Center , Qazvin University of Medical Sciences , Qazvin , Iran. 4. d Division of Infectious Diseases , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , Canada. 5. e Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Department of Pharmacology , Qazvin University of Medical Sciences , Qazvin , Iran.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), via the gut-brain axis has recently been demonstrated; hence, modification of the intestinal microbiota composition by probiotic biotherapy could be a therapeutic target for these conditions. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on inflammatory and memory processes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats, one of the animal models used in peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. METHODS: Rats were randomly divided into four groups (Control, LPS, Probiotic + LPS, and Probiotic). All experimental groups were orally administrated maltodextrin (placebo) or probiotic (109 CFU/ml/rat) for 14 consecutive days and then were injected with saline or LPS (1 mg/kg, intraperitoneally [i.p.], single dose) 20 hours later. Memory retention ability and systemic and neuroinflammatory markers were assessed 4 hours after the injections. RESULTS: Systemic exposure to LPS resulted in significant elevation of both the circulating and hippocampal levels of proinflammatory cytokines, which decreased remarkably following probiotic pretreatment. Oral bacteriotherapy with a combination of L. helveticus R0052 and B. longum R0175 also attenuated the decremental effect of LPS on memory through brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression at the molecular level; however, this effect was not significant in the passive avoidance test at the behavioral level. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the management of gut microbiota with this probiotic formulation could be a promising intervention to improve neuroinflammation-associated disorders such as AD.
OBJECTIVE: The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), via the gut-brain axis has recently been demonstrated; hence, modification of the intestinal microbiota composition by probiotic biotherapy could be a therapeutic target for these conditions. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on inflammatory and memory processes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats, one of the animal models used in peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. METHODS:Rats were randomly divided into four groups (Control, LPS, Probiotic + LPS, and Probiotic). All experimental groups were orally administrated maltodextrin (placebo) or probiotic (109 CFU/ml/rat) for 14 consecutive days and then were injected with saline or LPS (1 mg/kg, intraperitoneally [i.p.], single dose) 20 hours later. Memory retention ability and systemic and neuroinflammatory markers were assessed 4 hours after the injections. RESULTS: Systemic exposure to LPS resulted in significant elevation of both the circulating and hippocampal levels of proinflammatory cytokines, which decreased remarkably following probiotic pretreatment. Oral bacteriotherapy with a combination of L. helveticus R0052 and B. longum R0175 also attenuated the decremental effect of LPS on memory through brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression at the molecular level; however, this effect was not significant in the passive avoidance test at the behavioral level. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the management of gut microbiota with this probiotic formulation could be a promising intervention to improve neuroinflammation-associated disorders such as AD.
Authors: Wen Tang; Zhaoyou Meng; Ning Li; Yiyan Liu; Li Li; Dongfeng Chen; Yang Yang Journal: Front Cell Infect Microbiol Date: 2021-01-27 Impact factor: 5.293
Authors: Max W Katz-Barber; Sharon L Hollins; Annalisa Cuskelly; Angeline J W Leong; Ariel Dunn; Lauren Harms; Deborah M Hodgson Journal: Brain Behav Immun Health Date: 2020-02-13