Xiao-Dan Huang1, Guan-Qun Zhou2, Jia-Wei Lv2, Hua-Qiang Zhou3, Chen-Wen Zhong4, Chen-Fei Wu2, Zi-Qi Zheng1, Xiao-Jun He1, Liang Peng1, Jun Ma2, Ying Sun5. 1. Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China; Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China. 2. Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China. 3. Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China. 4. Department of Health Administration, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China. 5. Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China. Electronic address: sunying@sysucc.org.cn.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Lacking quantitative evaluations of competing risk data of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), we aimed to evaluate the probability of NPC- and other cause-specific mortality (NPC-SM; OCSM) and develop competing risk nomograms to quantify survival differences. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Using the institutional big-data intelligence platform, 7251 NPC patients undergoing intensity-modulated radiotherapy between 2009-2014 were identified to establish nomograms based on Fine and Gray's competing risk analysis. RESULTS: The 5-year NPC-SM and OCSM of the cohort were 13.1% and 1.2%, respectively, and elevated 5-year OCSMs were observed in patients aged ≥65 years (5.5%) or with severe comorbidities (4.3%). Age was most predictive of OCSM: patients aged 55-64 and ≥65 years exhibited subdistribution hazard ratios (SHRs) of 2.70 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.64-4.4; P < .001) and 5.78 (95% CI, 3.32-10.08; P < .001), respectively. Comorbidity measured using the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was also strongly predictive of OCSM: patients with CCI scores of 1 and ≥2 exhibited SHRs of 2.33 (95% CI, 1.46-3.71; P < .001) and 2.58 (95% CI, 1.16-5.73; P = .020), respectively. All validated factors were integrated into the competing nomograms: age, sex, histology type, tumor and node stages, plasma Epstein-Barr virus-DNA level, lactate dehydrogenase level, and C-reactive protein (CRP) level into the NPC-SM model (concordance [c]-index = 0.743); and age, CCI, Albumin level, and CRP level into the OCSM model (c-index = 0.793). CONCLUSION: OCSM represents a significant competing event for NPC-SM in elderly patients and patients with comorbidities. We present the first prognostic nomograms to quantify competing risks, which may help to tailor individualized treatment.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Lacking quantitative evaluations of competing risk data of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), we aimed to evaluate the probability of NPC- and other cause-specific mortality (NPC-SM; OCSM) and develop competing risk nomograms to quantify survival differences. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Using the institutional big-data intelligence platform, 7251 NPC patients undergoing intensity-modulated radiotherapy between 2009-2014 were identified to establish nomograms based on Fine and Gray's competing risk analysis. RESULTS: The 5-year NPC-SM and OCSM of the cohort were 13.1% and 1.2%, respectively, and elevated 5-year OCSMs were observed in patients aged ≥65 years (5.5%) or with severe comorbidities (4.3%). Age was most predictive of OCSM: patients aged 55-64 and ≥65 years exhibited subdistribution hazard ratios (SHRs) of 2.70 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.64-4.4; P < .001) and 5.78 (95% CI, 3.32-10.08; P < .001), respectively. Comorbidity measured using the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was also strongly predictive of OCSM: patients with CCI scores of 1 and ≥2 exhibited SHRs of 2.33 (95% CI, 1.46-3.71; P < .001) and 2.58 (95% CI, 1.16-5.73; P = .020), respectively. All validated factors were integrated into the competing nomograms: age, sex, histology type, tumor and node stages, plasma Epstein-Barr virus-DNA level, lactate dehydrogenase level, and C-reactive protein (CRP) level into the NPC-SM model (concordance [c]-index = 0.743); and age, CCI, Albumin level, and CRP level into the OCSM model (c-index = 0.793). CONCLUSION: OCSM represents a significant competing event for NPC-SM in elderly patients and patients with comorbidities. We present the first prognostic nomograms to quantify competing risks, which may help to tailor individualized treatment.
Authors: Ji-Jin Yao; Li Lin; Tian-Sheng Gao; Wang-Jian Zhang; Wayne R Lawrence; Jun Ma; Ying Sun Journal: Cancer Res Treat Date: 2020-12-07 Impact factor: 4.679
Authors: Katelyn O Stepan; Angela L Mazul; S Andrew Skillington; Randal C Paniello; Jason T Rich; Jose P Zevallos; Ryan S Jackson; Patrik Pipkorn; Sean Massa; Sidharth V Puram Journal: Head Neck Date: 2021-02-23 Impact factor: 3.821