Spexin in the physiology of pancreatic islets-mutual interactions with insulin.

Spexin is an interesting peptide, which may play an important role in the regulation of the metabolic homeostasis of an organism. Current knowledge on spexin expression, secretion, and influence on tissues and endocrine glands is very limited. We investigated spexin localization in the endocrine pancreas and measured its in vitro secretion from isolated pancreatic islets at various glucose concentrations, simultaneously monitoring insulin release. Also, gene expression for spexin and insulin was estimated. We found the presence of spexin inside beta cells and an increase in its release from islets after a short term and decrease after a long term following glucose administration. Finally, negative feedback loops between spexin and insulin were found, indicating the presence of multilateral relationships between glucose, insulin, and spexin inside pancreatic islets.