Bryan Payne Stanifer1, Adin-Cristian Andrei2, Menghan Liu3, Shari L Meyerson4, Ankit Bharat4, David D Odell5, Malcolm M DeCamp6. 1. Department of Surgery, Section of Thoracic Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York. Electronic address: bps2131@cumc.columbia.edu. 2. Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois. 3. Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois. 4. Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois. 5. Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Center for Healthcare Studies, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois. 6. Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Tracheal surgery is uncommon, and most of the published literature consists of single-center series over large periods. Our goal was to perform a national, contemporary analysis to identify predictors of major morbidity and mortality based on indication and surgical approach. METHODS: The Society of Thoracic Surgeons General Thoracic Surgery Database (STS GTSD) was queried for all patients undergoing tracheal resection between 2002 and 2016. We identified 1,617 cases and compared outcomes by indication and approach. We created a multivariable model for a combined end point of mortality or major morbidity. The relationship between volume and outcome was analyzed. RESULTS: The cervical approach was used 81% of the time, and benign disease was the indication in 75% of cases. Overall 30-day mortality was 1%, and no significant difference was found between the cervical and thoracic approach (1.1% versus 1.6%, p = 0.57) or between benign and malignant indications (1.1% versus 1.5%, p = 0.61). Independent factors associated with morbidity or mortality included thoracic approach, diabetes, and functional status. Centers were divided into those averaging fewer than four resections per year and those performing at least four per year. The low volume (<4) group had a combined morbidity and mortality of 27%, significantly higher than 17% observed among centers with more than four per year (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: STS GTSD participants perform tracheal resection for benign and malignant disease with low early morbidity and mortality. Higher operative volume is associated with improved outcome. Longer follow-up is needed to confirm airway stability and rate of reoperation.
BACKGROUND: Tracheal surgery is uncommon, and most of the published literature consists of single-center series over large periods. Our goal was to perform a national, contemporary analysis to identify predictors of major morbidity and mortality based on indication and surgical approach. METHODS: The Society of Thoracic Surgeons General Thoracic Surgery Database (STS GTSD) was queried for all patients undergoing tracheal resection between 2002 and 2016. We identified 1,617 cases and compared outcomes by indication and approach. We created a multivariable model for a combined end point of mortality or major morbidity. The relationship between volume and outcome was analyzed. RESULTS: The cervical approach was used 81% of the time, and benign disease was the indication in 75% of cases. Overall 30-day mortality was 1%, and no significant difference was found between the cervical and thoracic approach (1.1% versus 1.6%, p = 0.57) or between benign and malignant indications (1.1% versus 1.5%, p = 0.61). Independent factors associated with morbidity or mortality included thoracic approach, diabetes, and functional status. Centers were divided into those averaging fewer than four resections per year and those performing at least four per year. The low volume (<4) group had a combined morbidity and mortality of 27%, significantly higher than 17% observed among centers with more than four per year (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: STS GTSD participants perform tracheal resection for benign and malignant disease with low early morbidity and mortality. Higher operative volume is associated with improved outcome. Longer follow-up is needed to confirm airway stability and rate of reoperation.
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