Piroska Virag1, Mihaela Hedesiu2, Olga Soritau1, Maria Perde-Schrepler1, Ioana Brie1, Emoke Pall3, Eva Fischer-Fodor1,4, Loredana Bogdan5, Ondine Lucaciu2, Niels Belmans6,7, Marjan Moreels7, Benjamin Salmon8,9, Reinhilde Jacobs10. 1. The Oncology Institute "Prof.Dr.Ion Chiricuta", Laboratory of Radiotherapy, Radiobiology and Tumor Biology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. 2. "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. 3. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj- Napoca, Romania. 4. "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Medfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. 5. Radiation Hygiene Department, National Institute of Public Health, Regional Center of Public Health Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. 6. Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium. 7. Radiobiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Institute for Environment, Health and Safety, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK·CEN, Boeretang, Belgium. 8. EA2496, Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, Dental School Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France. 9. Department of Odontology, AP-HP, Nord Val de Seine Hospital (Bretonneau), Paris, France. 10. Department of Imaging and Pathology, OMFS-IMPATH Research Group, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Cone-beam CT (CBCT), a radiographic tool for diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up in dental practice, was introduced also in pediatric radiology, especially orthodontics. Such patients subjected to repetitive X-rays examinations may receive substantial levels of radiation doses. Ionizing radiation (IR), a recognized carcinogenic factor causing DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) could be harmful to undifferentiated cells such as dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) since inaccurately repaired or unrepaired DSBs may lead to malignant transformation. The H2AX and MRE11 proteins generated following DSBs formation and pro-inflammatory cytokines (CKs) secreted after irradiation are relevant candidates to monitor the cellular responses induced by CBCT. METHODS: DPSCs were extracted from human exfoliated deciduous teeth and their phenotype was assessed by immunocytochemistry and flow-cytometry. Cells were exposed to IR doses: 5.4-107.7 mGy, corresponding to 0.5-8 consecutive skull exposures, respectively. H2AX and MRE11 were detected in whole cells, while IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, TNFα in supernatants, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at different time points after exposure. RESULTS: The phosphorylation level of H2AX in DPSCs increased considerably at 0.5 h after exposure (p < 0.001 for 3, 5, 8 skull exposures and p < 0.05 for 1 skull exposure, respectively). MRE11 response could only be detected for the highest IR dose (p < 0.001) in the same interval. CKs secretion increased upon CBCT exposure according to doses and time. CONCLUSIONS: The DPSCs exposure to CBCT induces transient DNA damage and persistent inflammatory reaction in DPSCs drawing the attention on the potential risks of IR exposures and on the importance of dose monitoring in pediatric population.
OBJECTIVES: Cone-beam CT (CBCT), a radiographic tool for diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up in dental practice, was introduced also in pediatric radiology, especially orthodontics. Such patients subjected to repetitive X-rays examinations may receive substantial levels of radiation doses. Ionizing radiation (IR), a recognized carcinogenic factor causing DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) could be harmful to undifferentiated cells such as dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) since inaccurately repaired or unrepaired DSBs may lead to malignant transformation. The H2AX and MRE11 proteins generated following DSBs formation and pro-inflammatory cytokines (CKs) secreted after irradiation are relevant candidates to monitor the cellular responses induced by CBCT. METHODS: DPSCs were extracted from human exfoliated deciduous teeth and their phenotype was assessed by immunocytochemistry and flow-cytometry. Cells were exposed to IR doses: 5.4-107.7 mGy, corresponding to 0.5-8 consecutive skull exposures, respectively. H2AX and MRE11 were detected in whole cells, while IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, TNFα in supernatants, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at different time points after exposure. RESULTS: The phosphorylation level of H2AX in DPSCs increased considerably at 0.5 h after exposure (p < 0.001 for 3, 5, 8 skull exposures and p < 0.05 for 1 skull exposure, respectively). MRE11 response could only be detected for the highest IR dose (p < 0.001) in the same interval. CKs secretion increased upon CBCT exposure according to doses and time. CONCLUSIONS: The DPSCs exposure to CBCT induces transient DNA damage and persistent inflammatory reaction in DPSCs drawing the attention on the potential risks of IR exposures and on the importance of dose monitoring in pediatric population.
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Authors: Luca G Mariotti; Giacomo Pirovano; Kienan I Savage; Mihaela Ghita; Andrea Ottolenghi; Kevin M Prise; Giuseppe Schettino Journal: PLoS One Date: 2013-11-29 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: David B Richardson; Elisabeth Cardis; Robert D Daniels; Michael Gillies; Jacqueline A O'Hagan; Ghassan B Hamra; Richard Haylock; Dominique Laurier; Klervi Leuraud; Monika Moissonnier; Mary K Schubauer-Berigan; Isabelle Thierry-Chef; Ausrele Kesminiene Journal: BMJ Date: 2015-10-20