Hallgeir Viken1, Line Skarsem Reitlo1,2, Nina Zisko1, Javaid Nauman1,3, Nils Petter Aspvik4, Jan Erik Ingebrigtsen4, Ulrik Wisløff1,5, Dorthe Stensvold1. 1. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, K.G. Jebsen Center of Exercise in Medicine at Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, NORWAY. 2. Department of Cardiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, NORWAY. 3. College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Public Health, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES. 4. Faculty of Social and Educational Sciences, Department of Sociology and Political Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, NORWAY. 5. School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Queensland, AUSTRALIA.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Dropout from exercise programs, both in the real world and in research, is a challenge, and more information on dropout predictors is needed for establishing strategies to increase the likelihood of maintaining participants in a prescribed exercise program. The aim of the present study was to determine the dropout rate and its predictors during a 3-yr exercise program in older adults. METHODS: In total, 1514 men and women (mean ± SD age = 72.4 ± 1.9 yr) were included in the present study. Participants were randomized to either a supervised exercise intervention or to follow national guidelines for physical activity (PA). Self-reported demographics (e.g., education), general health, morbidity (e.g., heart disease, memory loss, and psychological distress), smoking, and PA were examined at baseline. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and grip strength were directly measured at baseline. Dropout rate was evaluated after 1 and 3 yr. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify dropout predictors. RESULTS: The total dropout rate was 11.0% (n = 166) after 1 yr and 14.9% (n = 225) after 3 yr. Significant predictors of dropout after 1 yr were low education, low grip strength, lower cardiorespiratory fitness, low PA level, and randomization to supervised exercise. The same predictors of dropout were significant after 3 yr, with reduced memory status as an additional predictor. CONCLUSION: This is the largest study to identify dropout predictors in a long-term exercise program in older adults. Our findings provide new and important knowledge about potential risk factors of dropout in long-term exercise programs in older adults.
RCT Entities:
PURPOSE: Dropout from exercise programs, both in the real world and in research, is a challenge, and more information on dropout predictors is needed for establishing strategies to increase the likelihood of maintaining participants in a prescribed exercise program. The aim of the present study was to determine the dropout rate and its predictors during a 3-yr exercise program in older adults. METHODS: In total, 1514 men and women (mean ± SD age = 72.4 ± 1.9 yr) were included in the present study. Participants were randomized to either a supervised exercise intervention or to follow national guidelines for physical activity (PA). Self-reported demographics (e.g., education), general health, morbidity (e.g., heart disease, memory loss, and psychological distress), smoking, and PA were examined at baseline. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and grip strength were directly measured at baseline. Dropout rate was evaluated after 1 and 3 yr. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify dropout predictors. RESULTS: The total dropout rate was 11.0% (n = 166) after 1 yr and 14.9% (n = 225) after 3 yr. Significant predictors of dropout after 1 yr were low education, low grip strength, lower cardiorespiratory fitness, low PA level, and randomization to supervised exercise. The same predictors of dropout were significant after 3 yr, with reduced memory status as an additional predictor. CONCLUSION: This is the largest study to identify dropout predictors in a long-term exercise program in older adults. Our findings provide new and important knowledge about potential risk factors of dropout in long-term exercise programs in older adults.