Saeko Osawa1, Naoto Katakami2, Ihoko Sato3, Hiroyo Ninomiya3, Kazuo Omori3, Yuichi Yamamoto4, Mitsuyoshi Takahara5, Kazuyuki Miyashita3, Fumie Sakamoto3, Dan Kawamori6, Takaaki Matsuoka3, Iichiro Shimomura3. 1. Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka Kaisei Hospital, Osaka, Japan. 2. Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Department of Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan. Electronic address: katakami@medone.med.osaka-u.ac.jp. 3. Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan. 4. Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka Police Hospital, Osaka, Japan. 5. Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Department of Diabetes Care Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan. 6. Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Medical Education Center, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
Abstract
AIMS: Tissue accumulatedadvanced glycation end products (AGEs) can be evaluated non-invasively by an autofluorescence reader as skin autofluorescence (skin AF)·The present study investigated whether skin AF is associated with diabetic micro- and macroangiopathies in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS: Skin AF was measured in 193 enrolled Japanese patients with T2DM and 24 enrolled healthy non-diabetic subjects by using the AGE reader®. Diabetic micro- and macroangiopathies were evaluated in the T2DM patients. RESULTS: Skin AF was significantly increased in patients with T2DM than in age- and sex-matched non-diabetic controls (2.35 ± 0.51 [mean ± SD] and 1.91 ± 0.29, respectively, p = 0.001). In subjects with T2DM, skin AF was associated with age, pack-years of smoking, and eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate) independently. Skin AF was significantly increased in patients with diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, and macroangiopathy than in those without them, and significantly associated with the number of diabetic complications. Moreover, skin AF was an independent predictor for diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy but not macroangiopathy, after adjusting for major traditional risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: Skin AF is an independent predictor for diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy in Japanese patients with T2DM.
AIMS: Tissue accumulatedadvanced glycation end products (AGEs) can be evaluated non-invasively by an autofluorescence reader as skin autofluorescence (skin AF)·The present study investigated whether skin AF is associated with diabetic micro- and macroangiopathies in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS:Skin AF was measured in 193 enrolled Japanese patients with T2DM and 24 enrolled healthy non-diabetic subjects by using the AGE reader®. Diabetic micro- and macroangiopathies were evaluated in the T2DM patients. RESULTS:Skin AF was significantly increased in patients with T2DM than in age- and sex-matched non-diabetic controls (2.35 ± 0.51 [mean ± SD] and 1.91 ± 0.29, respectively, p = 0.001). In subjects with T2DM, skin AF was associated with age, pack-years of smoking, and eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate) independently. Skin AF was significantly increased in patients with diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, and macroangiopathy than in those without them, and significantly associated with the number of diabetic complications. Moreover, skin AF was an independent predictor for diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy but not macroangiopathy, after adjusting for major traditional risk factors. CONCLUSIONS:Skin AF is an independent predictor for diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy in Japanese patients with T2DM.
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