A Patient With Hereditary ATTR and a Novel AGel p.Ala578Pro Amyloidosis.

Hereditary amyloidosis represents a group of diseases in which mutant proteins are deposited in various organs leading to their dysfunction. Correct identification of the amyloid-causing protein is critical because this will determine the optimal therapy for the patient. The most common type of hereditary amyloidosis is due to mutant transthyretin (ATTRm) deposition and often presents with heart failure or peripheral neuropathy. We report the first known case of a patient who had amyloidosis both due to a mutant transthyretin (p.Val122Ile) and due to a novel variant in the gelsolin gene (p.Ala578Pro). Both mutant proteins were identified by mass spectrometry analysis of amyloid deposits as well as sequencing of the genes. Molecular dynamic simulations suggest that the gelsolin p.Ala578Pro variant is likely amyloidogenic.