Peter M Nilsson1, Stephane Laurent2, Pedro G Cunha3,4, Michael H Olsen5, Ernst Rietzschel6, Oscar H Franco7, Ligita Ryliškytė8, Irina Strazhesko9, Charalambos Vlachopoulos10, Chen-Huan Chen11, Pierre Boutouyrie2, Francesco Cucca12, Edward G Lakatta13, Angelo Scuteri14. 1. Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden. 2. Department of Pharmacology, Pompidou Hospital, INSERM U970 and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France. 3. Center for the Research and Treatment of Arterial Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk, Serviço de Medicina Interna do Hospital da Senhora da Oliveira, Guimarães. 4. Life and Health Science Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal. 5. Centre for Individualized Medicine in Arterial Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark. 6. Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ghent University Hospital and Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. 7. Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. 8. Centre of Cardiology and Angiology, Vilnius University Hospital SantariškiųKlinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania. 9. Department of Aging and Age-associated Diseases Prevention, National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russian Federation. 10. 1st Department of Cardiology, Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece. 11. Department of Public Health and Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. 12. Institute of Genetics and Biomedic Research (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy. 13. Laboratory Cardiovascular Sciences, Intramural Research Programme, National Institute on Aging (NIA), NIH, Baltimore, USA. 14. San Raffaele Pisana IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Arterial ageing is characterized by increasing arterial stiffness as measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV). This process is enhanced in participants with early vascular ageing (EVA), but slowed in participants with healthy vascular ageing (HVA). We aimed to describe characteristics of EVA and HVA in a transcontinental study including 11 cohorts. METHODS: In all, 18 490 participants from the global MARE Consortium, free of cardiovascular disease, participated with data on PWV and cardiometabolic risk factors. We defined HVA as the lowest 10% and EVA as the highest 10% of the standardized PWV distribution, adjusted for age intervals. HVA individuals were compared with the 90% of non-HVA individuals with ANCOVA, adjusted for age, sex and hypertension. RESULTS: The 1723 HVA participants were at the same age as the rest of the population, more likely women (59.4 vs 57.0%), and with significantly lower levels of established cardiovascular risk factors (blood pressure, lipids, glucose). Similarly, the prevalence rate of obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and the metabolic syndrome was lower in the HVA participants. In the presence of similar levels of cardiovascular risk factors, HVA participants in the 50-64 years of age group presented lower PWV 5.8 (SD 0.5) vs. 7.4 (1.4) m/s (P < 0.0001) than control individuals in the 35-49 years of age group, corresponding to an estimated difference in chronological age of 14 years. CONCLUSION: Participants with healthy vascular ageing (HVA), belonging to the lowest end of the PWV distribution, are in general characterized by an up to 14 years estimated younger biological (vascular) age than those with higher PWV values, and have lower levels of risk factors.
OBJECTIVE: Arterial ageing is characterized by increasing arterial stiffness as measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV). This process is enhanced in participants with early vascular ageing (EVA), but slowed in participants with healthy vascular ageing (HVA). We aimed to describe characteristics of EVA and HVA in a transcontinental study including 11 cohorts. METHODS: In all, 18 490 participants from the global MARE Consortium, free of cardiovascular disease, participated with data on PWV and cardiometabolic risk factors. We defined HVA as the lowest 10% and EVA as the highest 10% of the standardized PWV distribution, adjusted for age intervals. HVA individuals were compared with the 90% of non-HVA individuals with ANCOVA, adjusted for age, sex and hypertension. RESULTS: The 1723 HVAparticipants were at the same age as the rest of the population, more likely women (59.4 vs 57.0%), and with significantly lower levels of established cardiovascular risk factors (blood pressure, lipids, glucose). Similarly, the prevalence rate of obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and the metabolic syndrome was lower in the HVAparticipants. In the presence of similar levels of cardiovascular risk factors, HVAparticipants in the 50-64 years of age group presented lower PWV 5.8 (SD 0.5) vs. 7.4 (1.4) m/s (P < 0.0001) than control individuals in the 35-49 years of age group, corresponding to an estimated difference in chronological age of 14 years. CONCLUSION:Participants with healthy vascular ageing (HVA), belonging to the lowest end of the PWV distribution, are in general characterized by an up to 14 years estimated younger biological (vascular) age than those with higher PWV values, and have lower levels of risk factors.
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