Effect of betaine treatment on the regression of existing hepatic triglyceride accumulation and oxidative stress in rats fed on high fructose diet.

We investigated whether betaine has any regressive effect on existing high fructose diet (HFrD)-induced insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, inflammation as well as hepatic steatosis and oxidative stress. Rats were fed a HFrD containing 60% fructose for 8 weeks. After 8 weeks, rats were divided into two groups and fed a control diet for an additional 4-week period (regression groups). One of the regression groups received drinking water containing betaine (1%; w/v), having antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. HFrD feeding caused insulin resistance, elevated triglyceride (TG) and tumor necrosis factor-alfa (TNF-α) levels, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) activities in serum. This diet increased hepatic TG, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and diene conjugate (DC) levels, decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities. Marked macro-vesicular steatosis were detected. Serum TNF-α and ALT, hepatic TG, TBARS and DC levels and steatosis scores decreased in regression period of HFrD-fed rats. Additionally, serum TNF-α, hepatic TG, TBARS and DC levels significantly lower in betaine-treated regressed rats than non-treated regressed group. Our results indicate that betaine treatment may accelerate regression of HFrD-induced hepatic TG accumulation and oxidative stress in rats.