Monika A Waszczuk1, Kaiqiao Li1, Camilo J Ruggero2, Sean A P Clouston3, Benjamin J Luft4, Roman Kotov1. 1. Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Health Sciences Center, Stony Brook, New York, USA. 2. Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA. 3. Program in Public Health and Department of Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA. 4. Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
Abstract
Background: Personality is a major predictor of many mental and physical disorders, but its contributions to illness course are understudied. Purpose: The current study aimed to explore whether personality is associated with a course of psychiatric and medical illness over 10 years following trauma. Methods: World Trade Center (WTC) responders (N = 532) completed the personality inventory for DSM-5, which measures both broad domains and narrow facets. Responders' mental and physical health was assessed in the decade following the WTC disaster during annual monitoring visits at a WTC Health Program clinic. Multilevel modeling was used in an exploratory manner to chart the course of health and functioning, and examine associations of maladaptive personality domains and facets with intercepts (initial illness) and slopes (course) of illness trajectories. Results: Three maladaptive personality domains-negative affectivity, detachment and psychoticism-were uniquely associated with initial posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); detachment and psychoticism were also associated with initial functional impairment. Five facets-emotional lability, anhedonia, callousness, distractibility and perceptual dysregulation-were uniquely associated with initial mental and physical health and functional impairment. Anxiousness and depressivity facets were associated with worse initial levels of psychiatric outcomes only. With regard to illness trajectory, callousness and perceptual dysregulation were associated with the increase in PTSD symptoms. Anxiousness was associated with greater persistence of respiratory symptoms. Conclusions: Several personality domains and facets were associated with initial levels and long-term course of illness and functional impairment in a traumatized population. Results inform the role of maladaptive personality in the development and maintenance of chronic mental-physical comorbidity. Personality might constitute a transdiagnostic prognostic and treatment target.
Background: Personality is a major predictor of many mental and physical disorders, but its contributions to illness course are understudied. Purpose: The current study aimed to explore whether personality is associated with a course of psychiatric and medical illness over 10 years following trauma. Methods: World Trade Center (WTC) responders (N = 532) completed the personality inventory for DSM-5, which measures both broad domains and narrow facets. Responders' mental and physical health was assessed in the decade following the WTC disaster during annual monitoring visits at a WTC Health Program clinic. Multilevel modeling was used in an exploratory manner to chart the course of health and functioning, and examine associations of maladaptive personality domains and facets with intercepts (initial illness) and slopes (course) of illness trajectories. Results: Three maladaptive personality domains-negative affectivity, detachment and psychoticism-were uniquely associated with initial posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); detachment and psychoticism were also associated with initial functional impairment. Five facets-emotional lability, anhedonia, callousness, distractibility and perceptual dysregulation-were uniquely associated with initial mental and physical health and functional impairment. Anxiousness and depressivity facets were associated with worse initial levels of psychiatric outcomes only. With regard to illness trajectory, callousness and perceptual dysregulation were associated with the increase in PTSD symptoms. Anxiousness was associated with greater persistence of respiratory symptoms. Conclusions: Several personality domains and facets were associated with initial levels and long-term course of illness and functional impairment in a traumatized population. Results inform the role of maladaptive personality in the development and maintenance of chronic mental-physical comorbidity. Personality might constitute a transdiagnostic prognostic and treatment target.
Authors: Johannes Zimmermann; André Kerber; Katharina Rek; Christopher J Hopwood; Robert F Krueger Journal: Curr Psychiatry Rep Date: 2019-08-13 Impact factor: 5.285
Authors: Monika A Waszczuk; Christopher J Hopwood; Benjamin J Luft; Leslie C Morey; Greg Perlman; Camilo J Ruggero; Andrew E Skodol; Roman Kotov Journal: Clin Psychol Sci Date: 2021-12-21
Authors: Jessica L Maples-Keller; Courtland S Hyatt; Chelsea E Sleep; Jennifer S Stevens; Emily E Fenlon; Tanja Jovanovic; Barbara O Rothbaum; Kerry J Ressler; Sierra Carter; Bekh Bradley; Negar Fani; Abigail Powers; Vasiliki Michopoulos Journal: Personal Disord Date: 2021-01-14
Authors: Joshua R Oltmanns; H Andrew Schwartz; Camilo Ruggero; Youngseo Son; Jiaju Miao; Monika Waszczuk; Sean A P Clouston; Evelyn J Bromet; Benjamin J Luft; Roman Kotov Journal: J Psychiatr Res Date: 2021-09-06 Impact factor: 4.791
Authors: André Kerber; Martin Schultze; Steffen Müller; Rosa Maria Rühling; Aidan G C Wright; Carsten Spitzer; Robert F Krueger; Christine Knaevelsrud; Johannes Zimmermann Journal: Assessment Date: 2020-12-28