Eric Rubenstein1, Maureen S Durkin2, Rebecca A Harrington3, Russell S Kirby4, Laura A Schieve5, Julie Daniels6. 1. Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI. 2. Department of Population Health Science, Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI. 3. Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD. 4. Department of Community and Family Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. 5. National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. 6. Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Mothers of advanced maternal age (AMA) at childbirth (age ≥35 years) may have different perceptions of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) risk, independent of sociodemographic factors, that may affect ASD identification. We aimed to estimate associations between AMA and both age of a child's first evaluation noting developmental concerns and time from first evaluation to first ASD diagnosis. METHODS: We used data for 8-year-olds identified with ASD in the 2008 to 2012 Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network. We estimated differences in age at first evaluation noting developmental concerns and time to first ASD diagnosis by AMA using quantile and Cox regression. RESULTS: Of 10,358 children with ASD, 19.7% had mothers of AMA. AMA was associated with higher educational attainment and previous live births compared with younger mothers. In unadjusted analyses, AMA was associated with earlier first evaluation noting developmental concerns (median 37 vs 40 mo) and patterns in time to first evaluation (hazard ratio: 1.12, 95% confidence interval: 1.06-1.18). Associations between AMA and evaluation timing diminished and were no longer significant after adjustment for socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. Children's intellectual disability did not modify associations between AMA and timing of evaluations. CONCLUSION: Advanced maternal age is a sociodemographic factor associated with younger age of first evaluation noting developmental concerns in children with ASD, but AMA was not independently associated likely, because it is a consequence or cofactor of maternal education and other sociodemographic characteristics. AMA may be a demographic factor to consider when aiming to screen and evaluate children at risk for ASD.
OBJECTIVE: Mothers of advanced maternal age (AMA) at childbirth (age ≥35 years) may have different perceptions of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) risk, independent of sociodemographic factors, that may affect ASD identification. We aimed to estimate associations between AMA and both age of a child's first evaluation noting developmental concerns and time from first evaluation to first ASD diagnosis. METHODS: We used data for 8-year-olds identified with ASD in the 2008 to 2012 Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network. We estimated differences in age at first evaluation noting developmental concerns and time to first ASD diagnosis by AMA using quantile and Cox regression. RESULTS: Of 10,358 children with ASD, 19.7% had mothers of AMA. AMA was associated with higher educational attainment and previous live births compared with younger mothers. In unadjusted analyses, AMA was associated with earlier first evaluation noting developmental concerns (median 37 vs 40 mo) and patterns in time to first evaluation (hazard ratio: 1.12, 95% confidence interval: 1.06-1.18). Associations between AMA and evaluation timing diminished and were no longer significant after adjustment for socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. Children's intellectual disability did not modify associations between AMA and timing of evaluations. CONCLUSION: Advanced maternal age is a sociodemographic factor associated with younger age of first evaluation noting developmental concerns in children with ASD, but AMA was not independently associated likely, because it is a consequence or cofactor of maternal education and other sociodemographic characteristics. AMA may be a demographic factor to consider when aiming to screen and evaluate children at risk for ASD.
Authors: Lonnie Zwaigenbaum; Margaret L Bauman; Deborah Fein; Karen Pierce; Timothy Buie; Patricia A Davis; Craig Newschaffer; Diana L Robins; Amy Wetherby; Roula Choueiri; Connie Kasari; Wendy L Stone; Nurit Yirmiya; Annette Estes; Robin L Hansen; James C McPartland; Marvin R Natowicz; Alice Carter; Doreen Granpeesheh; Zoe Mailloux; Susanne Smith Roley; Sheldon Wagner Journal: Pediatrics Date: 2015-10 Impact factor: 7.124
Authors: Trent Gaugler; Lambertus Klei; Stephan J Sanders; Corneliu A Bodea; Arthur P Goldberg; Ann B Lee; Milind Mahajan; Dina Manaa; Yudi Pawitan; Jennifer Reichert; Stephan Ripke; Sven Sandin; Pamela Sklar; Oscar Svantesson; Abraham Reichenberg; Christina M Hultman; Bernie Devlin; Kathryn Roeder; Joseph D Buxbaum Journal: Nat Genet Date: 2014-07-20 Impact factor: 38.330