Xiaoming Jia1, Paras B Mehta2, Yumei Ye3, Mahboob Alam4, Yochai Birnbaum4, Mandeep Bajaj2. 1. The Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. Xiaoming.jia@bcm.edu. 2. Endocrinology and Diabetes Division, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. 3. The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. 4. The Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have been shown to exert benefit on cardiac outcomes. In this review, we provide updates on available clinical data, studies on potential mechanisms for the CV effects, as well as discuss potential clinical implications of these new findings. RECENT FINDINGS: Since the publications of the EMPA-REG and CANVAS trials, large multi-national cohort studies have further shown the cardioprotective effects of SGLT2i. Moreover, new studies examining SGLT2i action on sodium-hydrogen exchanger proteins in both the heart and the kidney, on myocardial energetics and impact on inflammation and atherosclerosis continue to shed light on the multitude of pleotropic effects of these agents. Though more data is needed to substantiate the safety and efficacy, SGLT2i should be considered as a valuable therapy to help reduce CV risk in patients with diabetes. Ultimately, SGLT2i may have utility in preventing progression to diabetes or providing CV protection in patients who do not have diabetes.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have been shown to exert benefit on cardiac outcomes. In this review, we provide updates on available clinical data, studies on potential mechanisms for the CV effects, as well as discuss potential clinical implications of these new findings. RECENT FINDINGS: Since the publications of the EMPA-REG and CANVAS trials, large multi-national cohort studies have further shown the cardioprotective effects of SGLT2i. Moreover, new studies examining SGLT2i action on sodium-hydrogen exchanger proteins in both the heart and the kidney, on myocardial energetics and impact on inflammation and atherosclerosis continue to shed light on the multitude of pleotropic effects of these agents. Though more data is needed to substantiate the safety and efficacy, SGLT2i should be considered as a valuable therapy to help reduce CV risk in patients with diabetes. Ultimately, SGLT2i may have utility in preventing progression to diabetes or providing CV protection in patients who do not have diabetes.
Entities:
Keywords:
Cardiovascular outcomes; SGLT2 inhibitor; Type 2 diabetes
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