Fariza Fadzil1, Khadijah Shamsuddin2, Sharifa Ezat Wan Puteh2, Azmi Mohd Tamil2, Shuhaila Ahmad3, Noor Shaheeran Abdul Hayi4, Azah Abdul Samad5, Ruhaini Ismail6, Nor Izzah Ahmad Shauki6. 1. Department of Community Health, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Electronic address: farizafadzil@yahoo.com. 2. Department of Community Health, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 3. Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 4. Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Kuala Lumpur General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 5. Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur & Putrajaya Health Department, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 6. Selangor State Health Department, Selangor, Malaysia.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Women of childbearing age are predisposed to becoming overweight or obese. This study determines the mean, prevalence and factors associated with 6 months postpartum weight retention among urban Malaysian mothers. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted at baseline (after delivery), 2, 4 and 6 months postpartum. From 638 eligible mothers initially recruited, 420 completed until 6 months. Dependent variable was weight retention, defined as difference between weight at 6 months postpartum and pre-pregnancy weight, and weight retention ≥5kg was considered excessive. Independent variables included socio-demographic, history of pregnancy and delivery, lifestyle, practices and traditional postpartum practices. RESULTS: Average age was 29.61±4.71years, majority (83.3%) were Malays, 58.8% (low education), 70.0% (employed), 65.2% (middle income family), 33.8% (primiparous) and 66.7% (normal/instrumental delivery). Average gestational weight gain was 12.90±5.18kg. Mean postpartum weight retention was 3.12±4.76kg, 33.8% retaining ≥5kg. Bivariable analysis showed low income, primiparity, gestational weight gain ≥12kg, less active physically, higher energy, protein, carbohydrate and fat intake in diet, never using hot stone compression and not continuing breastfeeding were significantly associated with higher 6 months postpartum weight retention. From multivariable linear regression analysis, less active physically, higher energy intake in diet, gestational weight gain ≥12kg, not continuing breastfeeding 6 months postpartum and never using hot stone compression could explain 55.1% variation in 6 months postpartum weight retention. CONCLUSION: Women need to control gestational weight gain, remain physically active, reduce energy intake, breastfeed for at least 6 months and use hot stone compression to prevent high postpartum weight retention.
BACKGROUND:Women of childbearing age are predisposed to becoming overweight or obese. This study determines the mean, prevalence and factors associated with 6 months postpartum weight retention among urban Malaysian mothers. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted at baseline (after delivery), 2, 4 and 6 months postpartum. From 638 eligible mothers initially recruited, 420 completed until 6 months. Dependent variable was weight retention, defined as difference between weight at 6 months postpartum and pre-pregnancy weight, and weight retention ≥5kg was considered excessive. Independent variables included socio-demographic, history of pregnancy and delivery, lifestyle, practices and traditional postpartum practices. RESULTS: Average age was 29.61±4.71years, majority (83.3%) were Malays, 58.8% (low education), 70.0% (employed), 65.2% (middle income family), 33.8% (primiparous) and 66.7% (normal/instrumental delivery). Average gestational weight gain was 12.90±5.18kg. Mean postpartum weight retention was 3.12±4.76kg, 33.8% retaining ≥5kg. Bivariable analysis showed low income, primiparity, gestational weight gain ≥12kg, less active physically, higher energy, protein, carbohydrate and fat intake in diet, never using hot stone compression and not continuing breastfeeding were significantly associated with higher 6 months postpartum weight retention. From multivariable linear regression analysis, less active physically, higher energy intake in diet, gestational weight gain ≥12kg, not continuing breastfeeding 6 months postpartum and never using hot stone compression could explain 55.1% variation in 6 months postpartum weight retention. CONCLUSION:Women need to control gestational weight gain, remain physically active, reduce energy intake, breastfeed for at least 6 months and use hot stone compression to prevent high postpartum weight retention.
Authors: Anh Vo Van Ha; Yun Zhao; Colin W Binns; Ngoc Minh Pham; Phung Thi Hoang Nguyen; Cong Luat Nguyen; Tan Khac Chu; Andy H Lee Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2020-02-10 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Hashem Salarzadeh Jenatabadi; Nadia Samsudin; Che Wan Jasimah Bt Wan Mohamed Radzi Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2021-01-27 Impact factor: 3.295
Authors: Margriet Bijlholt; Lieveke Ameye; Hanne van Uytsel; Roland Devlieger; Annick Bogaerts Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-06-11 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Lara Nasreddine; Jennifer Ayoub; Nada Abbas; Mariam Abdul Malik; Farah Naja Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2020-10-27 Impact factor: 3.390