Yuichi Kitasako1,2, Alireza Sadr3, Yasushi Shimada4, Masaomi Ikeda5, Yasunori Sumi6, Junji Tagami7. 1. Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan. kitasako.ope@tmd.ac.jp. 2. Dental clinic, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Tokyo, Japan. kitasako.ope@tmd.ac.jp. 3. Biomimetics Biomaterials Biophotonics & Technology Laboratory, Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington School of Dentistry, Seattle, WA, USA. 4. Department of Operative Dentistry, Graduate school of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan. 5. Oral Prosthetic Engineering, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. 6. Department of Advanced Medicine, National Hospital for Geriatric Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan. 7. Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To assess the remineralization capacity of carious, non-carious, and combined white spot lesions (WSLs) using the ICDAS and SS-OCT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This clinical trial was based on a quasi-experimental design. Forty-two healthy subjects (median age 26.6 years), who visited university hospital and had at least one WSL with an ICDAS score of 2 or 1, were recruited. The subjects chewed a non-blind sugar-free gum containing bioavailable calcium and fluoride for 3 months. The remineralization capacities of carious and non-carious 121 WSLs were assessed using ICDAS by two calibrated non-blind examiners and optical boundary depth (BD) by SS-OCT at a monthly recall. The outcome variables, transitions of ICDAS score, mean BD, and mean BD recovery rate (RR%), were statistically analyzed using the chi-square test, two way-repeated measures ANOVA, and Wilcoxon rank sum test, respectively (alpha = 0.05). RESULTS: Based on the visual inspection, OCT images at the baseline, 72 WSLs were purely carious, 20 were non-carious (developmental) lesions, while 29 were combined (carious-developmental). The responses of WSLs over time showed to be highly variable. There was a significant difference in transitions of ICDAS scores after 3 months between carious and non-carious WSLs (p < 0.05) and non-carious and combined WSLs (p < 0.05). Carious and combined WSLs underwent significant changes in the mean BD between baseline (161.8 ± 56.8 μm) and 2 months (130.7 ± 57.4 μm) or 3 months (119.1 ± 57.5 μm) (p < 0.05), while there was no significant difference between baseline (132.2 ± 26.2 μm) and 2 months (122.8 ± 24.1 μm) or 3 months (119.8 ± 22.6 μm) in non-carious WSLs (p > 0.05). There was a significant difference in mean RR% after 2 and 3 months between carious and non-carious WSLs (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The remineralization capacity of WSL was variable among the cases and subjects, and depended on the WSLs history, etiology (carious, non-carious, or combined lesion) and structure (histological pattern). CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Carious WSLs showed the highest remineralization potential.
OBJECTIVES: To assess the remineralization capacity of carious, non-carious, and combined white spot lesions (WSLs) using the ICDAS and SS-OCT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This clinical trial was based on a quasi-experimental design. Forty-two healthy subjects (median age 26.6 years), who visited university hospital and had at least one WSL with an ICDAS score of 2 or 1, were recruited. The subjects chewed a non-blind sugar-free gum containing bioavailable calcium and fluoride for 3 months. The remineralization capacities of carious and non-carious 121 WSLs were assessed using ICDAS by two calibrated non-blind examiners and optical boundary depth (BD) by SS-OCT at a monthly recall. The outcome variables, transitions of ICDAS score, mean BD, and mean BD recovery rate (RR%), were statistically analyzed using the chi-square test, two way-repeated measures ANOVA, and Wilcoxon rank sum test, respectively (alpha = 0.05). RESULTS: Based on the visual inspection, OCT images at the baseline, 72 WSLs were purely carious, 20 were non-carious (developmental) lesions, while 29 were combined (carious-developmental). The responses of WSLs over time showed to be highly variable. There was a significant difference in transitions of ICDAS scores after 3 months between carious and non-carious WSLs (p < 0.05) and non-carious and combined WSLs (p < 0.05). Carious and combined WSLs underwent significant changes in the mean BD between baseline (161.8 ± 56.8 μm) and 2 months (130.7 ± 57.4 μm) or 3 months (119.1 ± 57.5 μm) (p < 0.05), while there was no significant difference between baseline (132.2 ± 26.2 μm) and 2 months (122.8 ± 24.1 μm) or 3 months (119.8 ± 22.6 μm) in non-carious WSLs (p > 0.05). There was a significant difference in mean RR% after 2 and 3 months between carious and non-carious WSLs (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The remineralization capacity of WSL was variable among the cases and subjects, and depended on the WSLs history, etiology (carious, non-carious, or combined lesion) and structure (histological pattern). CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Carious WSLs showed the highest remineralization potential.
Entities:
Keywords:
Clinical trial; Enamel; OCT; Remineralization; White spot lesion
Authors: Daniel Fried; John Xie; Sahar Shafi; John D B Featherstone; Thomas M Breunig; Charles Le Journal: J Biomed Opt Date: 2002-10 Impact factor: 3.170