Yaeko Hara1,2, Hiroshi Sakagami3, Haixia Shi2,4, Tomoyuki Abe5, Nobuaki Tamura5, Hiroshi Takeshima5, Norio Horie6, Takahiro Kaneko6, Hiroshi Shiratsuchi1,2, Tadayoshi Kaneko1. 1. Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan. 2. Meikai University Research Institute of Odontology, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Saitama, Japan. 3. Meikai University Research Institute of Odontology, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Saitama, Japan sakagami@dent.meikai.ac.jp. 4. Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiatong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China. 5. Division of Geriatric Dentistry, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Saitama, Japan. 6. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM: In order to search for substances that reduce the neurotoxicity of paclitaxel, the sensitivity of differentiated rat neuronal PC12 cells to paclitaxel was compared to that of malignant and non-malignant cells, and the extent to which four antioxidants can alleviate paclitaxel-induced neurotoxicity was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Viability of cells was determined by the MTT method. Cytotoxicity was evaluated as the concentration that reduced cell viability by 50% (CC50). Tumor specificity of paclitaxel was determined as the ratio of CC50 against non-malignant cells to that against malignant cells. RESULTS: Paclitaxel was three-fold more cytotoxic towards human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines (Ca9-22, HSC-2, HSC-3. HSC-4) than human normal epithelial and mesenchymal (human gingival fibroblast, human periodontal ligament fibroblast, human pulp cell) normal cells, confirming its antitumor potential. However, paclitaxel at as low a concentration as 5 ng/ml significantly reduced neurite formation in nerve growth factor-induced differentiated PC12 cells, although complete killing of cells was not achieved even at 2,000-fold higher concentration (10 μM). Paclitaxel-induced neurotoxicity was enhanced with the prolongation of incubation time and reduction of inoculation cell density. Four antioxidants, namely docosahexaenoic acid, acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride, N-acetyl-L-cysteine and sodium ascorbate, only partially protected PC12 cells from paclitaxel-induced toxicity. CONCLUSION: The present study suggests the involvement of both oxidative and other mechanisms in paclitaxel-induced neurotoxicity. Copyright
BACKGROUND/AIM: In order to search for substances that reduce the neurotoxicity of paclitaxel, the sensitivity of differentiated rat neuronal PC12 cells to paclitaxel was compared to that of malignant and non-malignant cells, and the extent to which four antioxidants can alleviate paclitaxel-induced neurotoxicity was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Viability of cells was determined by the MTT method. Cytotoxicity was evaluated as the concentration that reduced cell viability by 50% (CC50). Tumor specificity of paclitaxel was determined as the ratio of CC50 against non-malignant cells to that against malignant cells. RESULTS:Paclitaxel was three-fold more cytotoxic towards human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines (Ca9-22, HSC-2, HSC-3. HSC-4) than human normal epithelial and mesenchymal (human gingival fibroblast, human periodontal ligament fibroblast, human pulp cell) normal cells, confirming its antitumor potential. However, paclitaxel at as low a concentration as 5 ng/ml significantly reduced neurite formation in nerve growth factor-induced differentiated PC12 cells, although complete killing of cells was not achieved even at 2,000-fold higher concentration (10 μM). Paclitaxel-induced neurotoxicity was enhanced with the prolongation of incubation time and reduction of inoculation cell density. Four antioxidants, namely docosahexaenoic acid, acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride, N-acetyl-L-cysteine and sodium ascorbate, only partially protected PC12 cells from paclitaxel-induced toxicity. CONCLUSION: The present study suggests the involvement of both oxidative and other mechanisms in paclitaxel-induced neurotoxicity. Copyright
Authors: Dawn L Hershman; Cathee Till; Jason D Wright; Danielle Awad; Scott D Ramsey; William E Barlow; Lori M Minasian; Joseph Unger Journal: J Clin Oncol Date: 2016-06-20 Impact factor: 44.544
Authors: Antero Salminen; Kai Kaarniranta; Anu Kauppinen; Johanna Ojala; Annakaisa Haapasalo; Hilkka Soininen; Mikko Hiltunen Journal: Prog Neurobiol Date: 2013-07-01 Impact factor: 11.685