Brandon Peplinski1, Robyn McClelland2, Moyses Szklo3. 1. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD. Electronic address: bpeplin1@jhu.edu. 2. University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA. 3. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Depression poses a significant public health burden, with varying prevalence by race/ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic status (SES). It is unclear whether race/ethnicity and gender modify relationships between SES and depression. The purpose of this study was to investigate such effect modification. METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis was performed on Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis participants at the baseline (n = 5559). Multivariable logistic regression models stratified by race/ethnicity and gender were performed to evaluate associations between income, education, occupation, and neighborhood SES with depressive symptoms, defined by Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale values of 16 or greater. RESULTS: Depressive symptom odds were lower with increasing income, and this was pronounced in white women, black men, and Hispanic women. Lower odds of depressive symptoms were seen in management/professional occupations for Hispanic men, and in blacks as neighborhood SES increased. Education was not associated with odds of depressive symptoms. Multiplicative interaction terms were significant for gender-income (P = .028) and race/ethnicity-neighborhood (P = .010). Race/ethnicity-neighborhood interaction was also observed on the additive scale. CONCLUSIONS: Associations varied across races/ethnicities and gender, and evidence for effect modification was seen by gender with income, and by race/ethnicity with neighborhood SES. These findings provide a nuanced understanding of race/ethnicity and gender differences in SES related to depressive symptoms.
PURPOSE:Depression poses a significant public health burden, with varying prevalence by race/ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic status (SES). It is unclear whether race/ethnicity and gender modify relationships between SES and depression. The purpose of this study was to investigate such effect modification. METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis was performed on Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosisparticipants at the baseline (n = 5559). Multivariable logistic regression models stratified by race/ethnicity and gender were performed to evaluate associations between income, education, occupation, and neighborhood SES with depressive symptoms, defined by Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale values of 16 or greater. RESULTS:Depressive symptom odds were lower with increasing income, and this was pronounced in white women, black men, and Hispanic women. Lower odds of depressive symptoms were seen in management/professional occupations for Hispanic men, and in blacks as neighborhood SES increased. Education was not associated with odds of depressive symptoms. Multiplicative interaction terms were significant for gender-income (P = .028) and race/ethnicity-neighborhood (P = .010). Race/ethnicity-neighborhood interaction was also observed on the additive scale. CONCLUSIONS: Associations varied across races/ethnicities and gender, and evidence for effect modification was seen by gender with income, and by race/ethnicity with neighborhood SES. These findings provide a nuanced understanding of race/ethnicity and gender differences in SES related to depressive symptoms.
Keywords:
Continental population groups; Depression; Epidemiology; Gender; Health status disparities; Mental disorder; Social class; Socioeconomic factors
Authors: Karin A L Mueller; David B Hanna; Erik Ehinger; Xiaonan Xue; Livia Baas; Meinrad P Gawaz; Tobias Geisler; Kathryn Anastos; Mardge H Cohen; Stephen J Gange; Sonya L Heath; Jason M Lazar; Chenglong Liu; Wendy J Mack; Igho Ofotokun; Phyllis C Tien; Howard N Hodis; Alan L Landay; Robert C Kaplan; Klaus Ley Journal: Cardiovasc Res Date: 2019-05-01 Impact factor: 13.081
Authors: Chinedu O Ejike; Han Woo; Panagis Galiatsatos; Laura M Paulin; Jerry A Krishnan; Christopher B Cooper; David J Couper; Richard E Kanner; Russell P Bowler; Eric A Hoffman; Alejandro P Comellas; Gerard J Criner; R Graham Barr; Fernando J Martinez; MeiLan K Han; Carlos H Martinez; Victor E Ortega; Trisha M Parekh; Stephanie A Christenson; Neeta Thakur; Aaron Baugh; Daniel C Belz; Sarath Raju; Amanda J Gassett; Joel D Kaufman; Nirupama Putcha; Nadia N Hansel Journal: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Date: 2021-04-15 Impact factor: 30.528