Mirian Ecay-Torres1, Ainara Estanga1, Mikel Tainta1, Andrea Izagirre1, Maite Garcia-Sebastian1, Jorge Villanua1, Montserrat Clerigue1, Ane Iriondo1, Iratxe Urreta1, Arantzazu Arrospide1, Carmen Díaz-Mardomingo1, Miia Kivipelto1, Pablo Martinez-Lage2. 1. From the Departments of Neurology (M.E.-T., A.E., M.T., A.I., M.C., A.I., P.M.-L.) and Neuroimaging (M.G.-S., J.V.), Center for Research and Advanced Therapies, CITA-Alzheimer Foundation, San Sebastian; National University of Distance Education (M.E.-T.), Madrid; Mendaro Hospital (M.T.); Donostia Unit (J.V.), Osatek SA, Donostia University Hospital; Department of Clinical Epidemiology (I.U.), CIBER-ESP, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian; Gipuzkoa Primary Care-Integrated Health Care Organizations Research Unit (A.A.), Alto Deba Integrated Health Care Organisation; Health Services Research on Chronic Patients Network (A.A.), Arrasate; Donostia (A.A.), Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian; Departamento de Psicología Básica I (C.D.-M.), Facultad de Psicología, National University of Distance Education, Madrid, Spain; and Center for Alzheimer Research (M.K.), Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden. 2. From the Departments of Neurology (M.E.-T., A.E., M.T., A.I., M.C., A.I., P.M.-L.) and Neuroimaging (M.G.-S., J.V.), Center for Research and Advanced Therapies, CITA-Alzheimer Foundation, San Sebastian; National University of Distance Education (M.E.-T.), Madrid; Mendaro Hospital (M.T.); Donostia Unit (J.V.), Osatek SA, Donostia University Hospital; Department of Clinical Epidemiology (I.U.), CIBER-ESP, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian; Gipuzkoa Primary Care-Integrated Health Care Organizations Research Unit (A.A.), Alto Deba Integrated Health Care Organisation; Health Services Research on Chronic Patients Network (A.A.), Arrasate; Donostia (A.A.), Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian; Departamento de Psicología Básica I (C.D.-M.), Facultad de Psicología, National University of Distance Education, Madrid, Spain; and Center for Alzheimer Research (M.K.), Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden. pmlage@cita-alzheimer.org.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the cognitive profile of healthy individuals with increased Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging and Dementia (CAIDE) dementia risk score and to explore whether this association is related to vascular burden and CSF biomarkers of amyloidosis and neurodegeneration. METHOD: Cognitively normal participants (mean age 57.6 years) from the Gipuzkoa Alzheimer Project study were classified as having high risk (HR; n = 82) or low risk (LR; n = 293) for dementia according to a CAIDE score cutoff of 9. Cognitive composites were compared between groups. We explored using generalized linear models the role of APOE genotype, MRI white matter hyperintensities (WMH), and CSF (n = 218) levels of β-amyloid1-42 (Aβ1-42), total tau (t-tau), and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) in the association between CAIDE score and cognition. RESULTS: HR participants obtained lower scores on executive function (EF) (p = 0.001) and visual perception and construction (VPC) (p < 0.001) composites. EF composite was associated with CAIDE score × p-tau (p = 0.001), CAIDE score × t-tau (p = 0.001), and WMH (p = 0.003). VPC composite was associated with APOE (p = 0.001), Aβ1-42 (p = 0.004), the interaction APOE × Aβ1-42 (p = 0.003), and WMH (p = 0.004). Performance on global memory was associated with Aβ1-42 (p = 0.006), APOE (p = 0.008), and their interaction (p = 0.006). Analyses were adjusted for age, education, sex, premorbid intelligence, and stress. CONCLUSION: Healthy participants at increased dementia risk based on CAIDE scores show lower performance in EF and VPC. This difference is related to APOE, WMH, and Alzheimer biomarkers.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the cognitive profile of healthy individuals with increased Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging and Dementia (CAIDE) dementia risk score and to explore whether this association is related to vascular burden and CSF biomarkers of amyloidosis and neurodegeneration. METHOD: Cognitively normal participants (mean age 57.6 years) from the Gipuzkoa Alzheimer Project study were classified as having high risk (HR; n = 82) or low risk (LR; n = 293) for dementia according to a CAIDE score cutoff of 9. Cognitive composites were compared between groups. We explored using generalized linear models the role of APOE genotype, MRI white matter hyperintensities (WMH), and CSF (n = 218) levels of β-amyloid1-42 (Aβ1-42), total tau (t-tau), and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) in the association between CAIDE score and cognition. RESULTS: HR participants obtained lower scores on executive function (EF) (p = 0.001) and visual perception and construction (VPC) (p < 0.001) composites. EF composite was associated with CAIDE score × p-tau (p = 0.001), CAIDE score × t-tau (p = 0.001), and WMH (p = 0.003). VPC composite was associated with APOE (p = 0.001), Aβ1-42 (p = 0.004), the interaction APOE × Aβ1-42 (p = 0.003), and WMH (p = 0.004). Performance on global memory was associated with Aβ1-42 (p = 0.006), APOE (p = 0.008), and their interaction (p = 0.006). Analyses were adjusted for age, education, sex, premorbid intelligence, and stress. CONCLUSION: Healthy participants at increased dementia risk based on CAIDE scores show lower performance in EF and VPC. This difference is related to APOE, WMH, and Alzheimer biomarkers.
Authors: Tatjana Rundek; Hannah Gardener; Anita Seixas Dias Saporta; David A Loewenstein; Ranjan Duara; Clinton B Wright; Chuanhui Dong; Bonnie Levin; Mitchell S V Elkind; Ralph L Sacco Journal: J Alzheimers Dis Date: 2020 Impact factor: 4.472
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