Jessica Leung1, Sarah Reagan-Steiner, Adriana Lopez, Jenny Jeyarajah, Mona Marin. 1. Division of Viral Diseases (Mss Leung and Lopez and Dr Marin) and Immunization Services Division (Dr Reagan-Steiner), National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; and Carter Consulting, Inc, Atlanta, Georgia (Dr Jeyarajah). Dr Jeyarajah is now with Robarts Clinical Trials, London, Ontario, Canada.
Abstract
CONTEXT: Since 2007, 2 doses of varicella vaccine have been routinely recommended, with a catch-up second dose recommended for those who received only 1 prior dose. OBJECTIVE: To examine varicella vaccination coverage with 2 or more doses and the proportions of adolescents with evidence of immunity to varicella (≥2 doses of vaccine or varicella history) during 2007-2014. To assess timing of second-dose receipt, factors associated with 2 or more vaccine doses, and missed second-dose opportunities during 2014. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: We used data from the 2007-2014 National Immunization Survey-Teen (NIS-Teen), which collects information on adolescents aged 13 to 17 years in the United States. RESULTS: From 2007 to 2014, varicella vaccination coverage with 2 or more doses increased from 8.3% to 66.9% in 13- to 15-year-olds and from 3.6% to 56.7% in 16- to 17-year-olds. The proportions with evidence of immunity also increased from 68.0% to 84.1% (13- to 15-year-olds) and 78.6% to 83.4% (16- to 17-year-olds). In 2014, 13.4% of 13- to 15-year-olds and 3.2% of 16- to 17-year-olds had received their second dose at 4 to 6 years of age. Factors most significantly associated with lower coverage with 2 or more doses were not having an 11- to 12-year well-child visit, not receiving an adolescent vaccine, and residence in a state with no 2-dose immunization school entry requirement. Seventy-seven percent of 1-dose vaccinated adolescents had 1 or more missed opportunities to receive their second dose; if were they not missed, 2-dose coverage would have increased from 79.5% to 94.8%. CONCLUSIONS: Levels of varicella vaccination coverage with 2 or more doses and the proportion of adolescents with evidence of immunity increased from 2007 to 2014, though 16% lacked evidence of immunity in 2014. Although catch-up campaigns have succeeded, missed vaccination opportunities persist.
CONTEXT: Since 2007, 2 doses of varicella vaccine have been routinely recommended, with a catch-up second dose recommended for those who received only 1 prior dose. OBJECTIVE: To examine varicella vaccination coverage with 2 or more doses and the proportions of adolescents with evidence of immunity to varicella (≥2 doses of vaccine or varicella history) during 2007-2014. To assess timing of second-dose receipt, factors associated with 2 or more vaccine doses, and missed second-dose opportunities during 2014. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: We used data from the 2007-2014 National Immunization Survey-Teen (NIS-Teen), which collects information on adolescents aged 13 to 17 years in the United States. RESULTS: From 2007 to 2014, varicella vaccination coverage with 2 or more doses increased from 8.3% to 66.9% in 13- to 15-year-olds and from 3.6% to 56.7% in 16- to 17-year-olds. The proportions with evidence of immunity also increased from 68.0% to 84.1% (13- to 15-year-olds) and 78.6% to 83.4% (16- to 17-year-olds). In 2014, 13.4% of 13- to 15-year-olds and 3.2% of 16- to 17-year-olds had received their second dose at 4 to 6 years of age. Factors most significantly associated with lower coverage with 2 or more doses were not having an 11- to 12-year well-child visit, not receiving an adolescent vaccine, and residence in a state with no 2-dose immunization school entry requirement. Seventy-seven percent of 1-dose vaccinated adolescents had 1 or more missed opportunities to receive their second dose; if were they not missed, 2-dose coverage would have increased from 79.5% to 94.8%. CONCLUSIONS: Levels of varicella vaccination coverage with 2 or more doses and the proportion of adolescents with evidence of immunity increased from 2007 to 2014, though 16% lacked evidence of immunity in 2014. Although catch-up campaigns have succeeded, missed vaccination opportunities persist.
Authors: Sharon G Humiston; Janet R Serwint; Peter G Szilagyi; Phyllis A Vincelli; Nui Dhepyasuwan; Cynthia M Rand; Stanley J Schaffer; Aaron K Blumkin; C Robinette Curtis Journal: Clin Pediatr (Phila) Date: 2013-04-10 Impact factor: 1.168
Authors: Paul E Kilgore; Deanna Kruszon-Moran; Jane F Seward; Aisha Jumaan; Frederik P L Van Loon; Bagher Forghani; Geraldine M McQuillan; Melinda Wharton; Laura J Fehrs; Cynthia K Cossen; Stephen C Hadler Journal: J Med Virol Date: 2003 Impact factor: 2.327
Authors: Sandra S Chaves; John Zhang; Rachel Civen; Barbara M Watson; Tina Carbajal; Dana Perella; Jane F Seward Journal: J Infect Dis Date: 2008-03-01 Impact factor: 5.226
Authors: Emmaculate J Lebo; Deanna M Kruszon-Moran; Mona Marin; William J Bellini; Scott Schmid; Stephanie R Bialek; Gregory S Wallace; Huong Q McLean Journal: Open Forum Infect Dis Date: 2015-02-20 Impact factor: 3.835