Sulfonamide inhibitors: a patent review 2013-present.

INTRODUCTION: Sulfonamide compounds are significant class of synthetic bacteriostatic antibiotics still which used today for the therapy of bacterial infections and those caused by other microorganisms. They are also known as sulfa drugs and were the main source of therapy against bacterial infections before the introduction of penicillin in 1941. Additionally, The first sulfonamide section is present inmany clinically used drugs such as diuretics, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and antiepileptics. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW: The article presents the main classes of sulfonamide inhibitors investigated between 2013 and present. Specifically, the authors review the scientific and patent literature on tyrosine kinase, human immunodeficieny virus protease-1 (HIV‑1), histone deacetylase 6, protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, sphingosine kinase, phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase, angiogenesis, pyrazole kinase, tyrosyl DNA phosphodiesterase inhibitors were evaluated. Expert opinion: Sulfonamides are utilized as the antiviral HIV protease inhibitor amprenavir, as an anticancer agent, and in Alzheimer's disease drugs. All these data show that although known for more than 100 years, the primary sulfonamides constitute an important class of compounds which leads to highly valuable drugs and drug candidates for many conditions, such as cancer, glaucoma, inflammation, dandruff, just to mention the most investigated ones.