David A Shaye1,2, Travis Tollefson3, Irfan Shah4, Gopal Krishnan5, Damir Matic6, Marcelo Figari7, Thiam Chye Lim8, Sunil Aniruth9, Warren Schubert10,11. 1. Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, 243 Charles Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA. david_shaye@meei.harvard.edu. 2. Department of Otolaryngology, Central University Teaching Hospital, Kigali, Rwanda. david_shaye@meei.harvard.edu. 3. Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA. 4. Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry/Army Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Islamabad, Pakistan. 5. Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, India. 6. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Western University, London, ON, Canada. 7. Section of Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina. 8. Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, Singapore. 9. Department of Maxillo-Facial and Oral Surgery, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa. 10. Department of Plastic & Hand Surgery, University of Minnesota and Regions Hospital, St. Paul, MN, USA. 11. AO Foundation, AOCMF, Davos, Switzerland.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Trauma is a significant contributor to global disease, and low-income countries disproportionately shoulder this burden. Education and training are critical components in the effort to address the surgical workforce shortage. Educators can tailor training to a diverse background of health professionals in low-resource settings using competency-based curricula. We present a process for the development of a competency-based curriculum for low-resource settings in the context of craniomaxillofacial (CMF) trauma education. METHODS: CMF trauma surgeons representing 7 low-, middle-, and high-income countries conducted a standardized educational curriculum development program. Patient problems related to facial injuries were identified and ranked from highest to lowest morbidity. Higher morbidity problems were categorized into 4 modules with agreed upon competencies. Methods of delivery (lectures, case discussions, and practical exercises) were selected to optimize learning of each competency. RESULTS: A facial injuries educational curriculum (1.5 days event) was tailored to health professionals with diverse training backgrounds who care for CMF trauma patients in low-resource settings. A backward planned, competency-based curriculum was organized into four modules titled: acute (emergent), eye (periorbital injuries and sight preserving measures), mouth (dental injuries and fracture care), and soft tissue injury treatments. Four courses have been completed with pre- and post-course assessments completed. CONCLUSIONS: Surgeons and educators from a diverse geographic background found the backward planning curriculum development method effective in creating a competency-based facial injuries (trauma) course for health professionals in low-resource settings, where contextual aspects of shortages of surgical capacity, equipment, and emergency transportation must be considered.
BACKGROUND:Trauma is a significant contributor to global disease, and low-income countries disproportionately shoulder this burden. Education and training are critical components in the effort to address the surgical workforce shortage. Educators can tailor training to a diverse background of health professionals in low-resource settings using competency-based curricula. We present a process for the development of a competency-based curriculum for low-resource settings in the context of craniomaxillofacial (CMF) trauma education. METHODS:CMF trauma surgeons representing 7 low-, middle-, and high-income countries conducted a standardized educational curriculum development program. Patient problems related to facial injuries were identified and ranked from highest to lowest morbidity. Higher morbidity problems were categorized into 4 modules with agreed upon competencies. Methods of delivery (lectures, case discussions, and practical exercises) were selected to optimize learning of each competency. RESULTS: A facial injuries educational curriculum (1.5 days event) was tailored to health professionals with diverse training backgrounds who care for CMF traumapatients in low-resource settings. A backward planned, competency-based curriculum was organized into four modules titled: acute (emergent), eye (periorbital injuries and sight preserving measures), mouth (dental injuries and fracture care), and soft tissue injury treatments. Four courses have been completed with pre- and post-course assessments completed. CONCLUSIONS: Surgeons and educators from a diverse geographic background found the backward planning curriculum development method effective in creating a competency-based facial injuries (trauma) course for health professionals in low-resource settings, where contextual aspects of shortages of surgical capacity, equipment, and emergency transportation must be considered.
Authors: K Pringle; J M Mackey; P Modi; H Janeway; T Romero; F Meynard; H Perez; R Herrera; M Bendana; A Labora; J Ruskis; J Foggle; R Partridge; A C Levine Journal: Injury Date: 2015-05-18 Impact factor: 2.586
Authors: Caprice C Greenberg; Scott E Regenbogen; David M Studdert; Stuart R Lipsitz; Selwyn O Rogers; Michael J Zinner; Atul A Gawande Journal: J Am Coll Surg Date: 2007-04 Impact factor: 6.113
Authors: Simon Bergman; Dan Deckelbaum; Ronald Lett; Barbara Haas; Sebastian Demyttenaere; Victoria Munthali; Naboth Mbembati; Lawrence Museru; Tarek Razek Journal: J Trauma Date: 2008-10
Authors: Yihan Lin; John W Scott; Sojung Yi; Kathryn K Taylor; Georges Ntakiyiruta; Faustin Ntirenganya; Paulin Banguti; Steven Yule; Robert Riviello Journal: J Surg Educ Date: 2017-10-23 Impact factor: 2.891
Authors: Hampus Holmer; Adam Lantz; Teena Kunjumen; Samuel Finlayson; Marguerite Hoyler; Amani Siyam; Hernan Montenegro; Edward T Kelley; James Campbell; Meena N Cherian; Lars Hagander Journal: Lancet Glob Health Date: 2015-04-27 Impact factor: 26.763
Authors: Gaelen B Stanford-Moore; Gilbert Niyigaba; Gratien Tuyishimire; Jenny Yau; Amol Kulkrani; Victor Nyabyenda; Isaie Ncogoza; David A Shaye Journal: OTO Open Date: 2022-04-22