Lu Wang1, Cun Liu1, Chao Zhou2, Jing Zhuang2, Shifeng Tang2, Jintai Yu3, Jinhui Tian4, Fubin Feng2, Lijuan Liu2, Tingting Zhang1, Changgang Sun5. 1. College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 250014, Jinan, Shandong Province, China. 2. Department of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, 261041, Weifang, Shandong Province, China. 3. University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA. 4. Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China. 5. Department of Oncology, Affilited Hospital of Weifang Medical University, 261031, Weifang, Shandong Province, China. zhongliuyike@163.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Recent studies have reported mixed results on the association between the pro-inflammatory dietary index and risk of breast cancer. We perform this comprehensive meta-analysis to figure out whether high dietary inflammatory index (DII) score is a risk factor for the occurrence of breast cancer. METHODS: We comprehensively searched the PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane databases to identify included studies updated to September 12, 2017. All studies that reported risk estimates by comparing the highest DII score to the lowest were assessed. RESULTS: A total of seven observational studies were identified: three case controls and four cohorts, involving 319,993 participants. Overall, the meta-analysis reported that individuals with the highest DII score were associated with a 25% increased risk of breast cancer versus those with the lowest DII score (relative risk [RR] = 1.25; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09-1.44; I2 = 82.7%, p = 0.000). Upon stratified analysis, significant positive associations remained for postmenopausal women (RR = 1.15; 95% CI 1.02-1.30; p = 0.020), case-control studies (RR = 1.68; 95% CI 1.13-2.49; p = 0.010), Asia (RR = 2.30; 95% CI 1.7-3.12; p = 0.0031) and Europe (RR = 1.26; 95% CI 1.01-1.58; p = 0.0477). When analysed on hormonal receptor status, 36% increased risk was explored for hormone-receptor negative. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis suggested that more pro-inflammatory diets (higher DII scores) are associated with increased breast cancer incidence. However, the research is not about significant associations but about moderate effect sizes.
BACKGROUND: Recent studies have reported mixed results on the association between the pro-inflammatory dietary index and risk of breast cancer. We perform this comprehensive meta-analysis to figure out whether high dietary inflammatory index (DII) score is a risk factor for the occurrence of breast cancer. METHODS: We comprehensively searched the PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane databases to identify included studies updated to September 12, 2017. All studies that reported risk estimates by comparing the highest DII score to the lowest were assessed. RESULTS: A total of seven observational studies were identified: three case controls and four cohorts, involving 319,993 participants. Overall, the meta-analysis reported that individuals with the highest DII score were associated with a 25% increased risk of breast cancer versus those with the lowest DII score (relative risk [RR] = 1.25; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09-1.44; I2 = 82.7%, p = 0.000). Upon stratified analysis, significant positive associations remained for postmenopausal women (RR = 1.15; 95% CI 1.02-1.30; p = 0.020), case-control studies (RR = 1.68; 95% CI 1.13-2.49; p = 0.010), Asia (RR = 2.30; 95% CI 1.7-3.12; p = 0.0031) and Europe (RR = 1.26; 95% CI 1.01-1.58; p = 0.0477). When analysed on hormonal receptor status, 36% increased risk was explored for hormone-receptor negative. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis suggested that more pro-inflammatory diets (higher DII scores) are associated with increased breast cancer incidence. However, the research is not about significant associations but about moderate effect sizes.
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