Daryna Sergiyivna Lavriv1, Pedro Miguel Neves2, Paula Ravasco3. 1. Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal. 2. Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação em Saúde da Universidade Católica Portuguesa e Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal. Electronic address: pedrompneves@gmail.com. 3. Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação em Saúde da Universidade Católica Portuguesa e Universidade de Lisboa, Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria, Portugal.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Cancer cachexia is characterised by a progressive loss of muscle, resulting in functional impairment and shorter survival. Therefore, omega-3 has been studied for its role as an anti-cachectic therapy. This systematic review identified studies published on use of omega-3 in cancer cachexia in order to examine the potential benefit. METHODS: A systematic review of the literature using PubMed and B-on databases was conducted to identify clinical trials published between 2000 and 2015, to evaluate the effect of n-3 PUFAs on nutritional features and Quality of Life in cancer cachexia. Of 140 publications, 7 were selected on the basis of their methodological quality, according to the Delphi List. The collected data was summarized and written in text format and in tables. RESULTS: Only one study, made in pre-cachectic population, show statistically and clinically positive intervention. No benefits were observed with the 4 g EPA/day, but a potentially clinically relevant treatment effect with 2 g EPA/day. Lung tumours showed the highest CRP levels and while the weight of patients with gastrointestinal cancer increased significantly, patients with lung cancer showed no significant response. CONCLUSIONS: Future cachexia trials would likely benefit from studying a single tumour type with earlier stage disease, with probably different dosage depending on the cancer type and its inflammatory profile.
OBJECTIVES:Cancer cachexia is characterised by a progressive loss of muscle, resulting in functional impairment and shorter survival. Therefore, omega-3 has been studied for its role as an anti-cachectic therapy. This systematic review identified studies published on use of omega-3 in cancer cachexia in order to examine the potential benefit. METHODS: A systematic review of the literature using PubMed and B-on databases was conducted to identify clinical trials published between 2000 and 2015, to evaluate the effect of n-3 PUFAs on nutritional features and Quality of Life in cancer cachexia. Of 140 publications, 7 were selected on the basis of their methodological quality, according to the Delphi List. The collected data was summarized and written in text format and in tables. RESULTS: Only one study, made in pre-cachectic population, show statistically and clinically positive intervention. No benefits were observed with the 4 g EPA/day, but a potentially clinically relevant treatment effect with 2 g EPA/day. Lung tumours showed the highest CRP levels and while the weight of patients with gastrointestinal cancer increased significantly, patients with lung cancer showed no significant response. CONCLUSIONS: Future cachexia trials would likely benefit from studying a single tumour type with earlier stage disease, with probably different dosage depending on the cancer type and its inflammatory profile.
Authors: Carolina Capitão; Diana Coutinho; Pedro Miguel Neves; Manuel Luís Capelas; Nuno M Pimenta; Teresa Santos; Antti Mäkitie; Paula Ravasco Journal: Support Care Cancer Date: 2021-10-25 Impact factor: 3.603
Authors: Giorgio Aquila; Andrea David Re Cecconi; Jeffrey J Brault; Oscar Corli; Rosanna Piccirillo Journal: Cells Date: 2020-11-24 Impact factor: 6.600
Authors: Alexandra Podpeskar; Roman Crazzolara; Gabriele Kropshofer; Benjamin Hetzer; Bernhard Meister; Thomas Müller; Christina Salvador Journal: Nutrients Date: 2021-05-26 Impact factor: 5.717