Alexandra Foscolou1, Emmanuella Magriplis1, Stefanos Tyrovolas2, George Soulis1, Vassiliki Bountziouka1, Anargiros Mariolis3, Suzanne Piscopo4, Giuseppe Valacchi5, Foteini Anastasiou6, Efthimios Gotsis1, George Metallinos1, Dimitra Tyrovola1, Anna Polystipioti1, Evangelos Polychronopoulos1, Antonia-Leda Matalas1, Christos Lionis6, Akis Zeimbekis7, Josep-Antoni Tur8, Labros S Sidossis9, Demosthenes Panagiotakos10. 1. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece. 2. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece; Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. 3. Health Center of Areopolis, General Hospital of Sparta, Aeropolis, Greece. 4. University of Malta, Nutrition, Family and Consumer Studies Office, Msida, Malta. 5. Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy. 6. Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece. 7. Health Center of Kalloni, General Hospital of Mitilini, Mitilini, Greece. 8. Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, Universitat de les Illes Balears & CIBERobn, Guillem Colom Bldg, Campus, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain. 9. Department of Kinesiology and Health, School of Arts and Sciences, Rutgers University, NJ, USA. 10. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece; Department of Kinesiology and Health, School of Arts and Sciences, Rutgers University, NJ, USA. Electronic address: dbpanag@hua.gr.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: To evaluate modifiable, lifestyle risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among older adults, across ageing, in the Mediterranean area. METHODS: During 2005-2017, 3131 individuals from 26 Mediterranean islands of 5 countries, ≥65 years of age, were voluntarily enrolled. Anthropometrical, clinical and socio-demographic characteristics, dietary habits, lifestyle parameters were measured through standard procedures. Analyses were performed by year and across consecutive age groups of the participants. RESULTS: A decrease in the prevalence of current smoking (p < 0.001), engagement in physical activities (p = 0.001) and participation in social events (p = 0.001) for every year increase in age was found. Moderate alcohol drinking increased through ageing (p = 0.008), whereas adherence to Mediterranean diet remained stable, but adequate (p = 0.90). Trend analysis also revealed that a quadratic (U-shape) function better characterized the association between ageing and total cardiometabolic risk factors burden (p for trend <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The gaps in the understanding of factors affecting longevity and healthy ageing remain; public health authorities and stakeholders should focus on the lifestyle determinants of healthy ageing, that seems to be an effective mean for improving older peoples' health.
BACKGROUND: To evaluate modifiable, lifestyle risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among older adults, across ageing, in the Mediterranean area. METHODS: During 2005-2017, 3131 individuals from 26 Mediterranean islands of 5 countries, ≥65 years of age, were voluntarily enrolled. Anthropometrical, clinical and socio-demographic characteristics, dietary habits, lifestyle parameters were measured through standard procedures. Analyses were performed by year and across consecutive age groups of the participants. RESULTS: A decrease in the prevalence of current smoking (p < 0.001), engagement in physical activities (p = 0.001) and participation in social events (p = 0.001) for every year increase in age was found. Moderate alcohol drinking increased through ageing (p = 0.008), whereas adherence to Mediterranean diet remained stable, but adequate (p = 0.90). Trend analysis also revealed that a quadratic (U-shape) function better characterized the association between ageing and total cardiometabolic risk factors burden (p for trend <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The gaps in the understanding of factors affecting longevity and healthy ageing remain; public health authorities and stakeholders should focus on the lifestyle determinants of healthy ageing, that seems to be an effective mean for improving older peoples' health.
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