L Chauchat1, C Tanguay1, N J Caron2, S Gagné2, F Labrèche3,4, J F Bussières1,5. 1. 1 Unité de recherche en pratique pharmaceutique, Département de pharmacie, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Canada. 2. 2 Centre de Toxicologie du Québec, Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Québec, Canada. 3. 3 Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et sécurité du travail, Montréal, Canada. 4. 4 Département de santé environnementale et au travail, École de santé publique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada. 5. 5 Faculté de pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to monitor environmental contamination by 10 antineoplastic drugs in Canadian oncology pharmacy and patient care areas. The secondary objective was to explore the impact of factors that may explain contamination. METHODS: Twelve standardized sites were sampled in each center (six in the pharmacy and six in patient care areas). Each sample was prepared to allow quantification of seven antineoplastic drugs (cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, methotrexate, cytarabine, gemcitabine, 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan) by UPLC-MS-MS. Docetaxel, paclitaxel and vinorelbine were also detected, but not quantified due to sensibility limitations. The impact of some factors was evaluated compared with a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for independent samples. RESULTS: Eighty-three Canadian centers were recruited in 2017. A total of 953 surfaces were sampled, 495 in pharmacy and 458 in patient care areas. Cyclophosphamide was most often found on surfaces (36% of samples positive, 75th percentile 0.0040 ng/cm2). The arm rest (81.7% of samples positive for at least one antineoplastic drug), the front grille inside the hood (78.3%) and the floor in front of the hood (61.4%) were more frequently contaminated. Centers who prepared more antineoplastic drugs per year had higher concentration on different surfaces ( p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Despite growing awareness and implementation of new safe handling guidelines, healthcare centers' surfaces remain contaminated with traces of many antineoplastic drugs. The use of personal protective equipment remains indisputable. Performing an annual monitoring remains a good indicator to monitor trends over time and to compare with similar centers.
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to monitor environmental contamination by 10 antineoplastic drugs in Canadian oncology pharmacy and patient care areas. The secondary objective was to explore the impact of factors that may explain contamination. METHODS: Twelve standardized sites were sampled in each center (six in the pharmacy and six in patient care areas). Each sample was prepared to allow quantification of seven antineoplastic drugs (cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, methotrexate, cytarabine, gemcitabine, 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan) by UPLC-MS-MS. Docetaxel, paclitaxel and vinorelbine were also detected, but not quantified due to sensibility limitations. The impact of some factors was evaluated compared with a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for independent samples. RESULTS: Eighty-three Canadian centers were recruited in 2017. A total of 953 surfaces were sampled, 495 in pharmacy and 458 in patient care areas. Cyclophosphamide was most often found on surfaces (36% of samples positive, 75th percentile 0.0040 ng/cm2). The arm rest (81.7% of samples positive for at least one antineoplastic drug), the front grille inside the hood (78.3%) and the floor in front of the hood (61.4%) were more frequently contaminated. Centers who prepared more antineoplastic drugs per year had higher concentration on different surfaces ( p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Despite growing awareness and implementation of new safe handling guidelines, healthcare centers' surfaces remain contaminated with traces of many antineoplastic drugs. The use of personal protective equipment remains indisputable. Performing an annual monitoring remains a good indicator to monitor trends over time and to compare with similar centers.
Authors: Laila Al Alawi; Elpidoforos S Soteriades; Marilia Silva Paulo; Linda Östlundh; Michal Grivna; Fatima Al Maskari; Rami H Al-Rifai Journal: Syst Rev Date: 2020-10-19
Authors: Cristina Sottani; Elena Grignani; Marco Cornacchia; Sara Negri; Francesco Saverio Robustelli Della Cuna; Danilo Cottica; Dario Bruzzese; Paolo Severi; Daniele Strocchi; Giovanni Verna; Veruscka Leso; Ivo Iavicoli Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-07-14 Impact factor: 4.614