Andrea Ticinesi1,2, Marco V Narici3, Fulvio Lauretani4,5, Antonio Nouvenne4,5, Elena Colizzi4, Marco Mantovani4, Andrea Corsonello6, Francesco Landi7, Tiziana Meschi4,5, Marcello Maggio4,5. 1. Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Antonio Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy. andrea.ticinesi@unipr.it. 2. Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Parma University Hospital, Parma, Italy. andrea.ticinesi@unipr.it. 3. Institute of Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy. 4. Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Antonio Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy. 5. Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Parma University Hospital, Parma, Italy. 6. Unit of Geriatric Pharmacoepidemiology, Italian National Research Center on Aging (INRCA), Cosenza, Italy. 7. Department of Geriatrics, Neurosciences and Orthopedics, Center for Geriatric Medicine (CEMI), Institute of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Muscle ultrasound (MUS) has so far not been implemented for sarcopenia assessment in clinical geriatric practice due to allegedly low reproducibility of results in the absence of standardization of procedures. However, rigorous and standardized application of this technique yields highly reproducible results. Its application, especially if integrated with clinical evaluation and comprehensive geriatric assessment, proofs very useful for rapidly obtaining information on muscle mass and architecture. OBJECTIVE: Here, we present a standardized protocol for performing right vastus lateralis (RVL) MUS and measuring parameters of muscle size and architecture. METHODS: RVL muscle thickness (MT), fascicle length (FL), pennation angle (PA), echo-intensity (EI) and cross-sectional area (CSA) can be assessed with this protocol. A portable instrument equipped with a 5-cm long 3-11 mHz linear probe should be used with both B-mode real-time and extended-field-of-view (EFOV) techniques. Longitudinal B-mode and transverse EFOV images should be acquired during each exam, and analyzed with NIH-ImageJ software. CONCLUSIONS: This operative protocol represents a good compromise between the feasibility of MUS in clinical settings and the need of obtaining precise measurements of muscle parameters. Future studies should verify the reproducibility of the proposed technique, and its correlation with appendicular lean mass and parameters of muscle function.
BACKGROUND: Muscle ultrasound (MUS) has so far not been implemented for sarcopenia assessment in clinical geriatric practice due to allegedly low reproducibility of results in the absence of standardization of procedures. However, rigorous and standardized application of this technique yields highly reproducible results. Its application, especially if integrated with clinical evaluation and comprehensive geriatric assessment, proofs very useful for rapidly obtaining information on muscle mass and architecture. OBJECTIVE: Here, we present a standardized protocol for performing right vastus lateralis (RVL) MUS and measuring parameters of muscle size and architecture. METHODS: RVL muscle thickness (MT), fascicle length (FL), pennation angle (PA), echo-intensity (EI) and cross-sectional area (CSA) can be assessed with this protocol. A portable instrument equipped with a 5-cm long 3-11 mHz linear probe should be used with both B-mode real-time and extended-field-of-view (EFOV) techniques. Longitudinal B-mode and transverse EFOV images should be acquired during each exam, and analyzed with NIH-ImageJ software. CONCLUSIONS: This operative protocol represents a good compromise between the feasibility of MUS in clinical settings and the need of obtaining precise measurements of muscle parameters. Future studies should verify the reproducibility of the proposed technique, and its correlation with appendicular lean mass and parameters of muscle function.
Authors: Alfonso J Cruz-Jentoft; Gülistan Bahat; Jürgen Bauer; Yves Boirie; Olivier Bruyère; Tommy Cederholm; Cyrus Cooper; Francesco Landi; Yves Rolland; Avan Aihie Sayer; Stéphane M Schneider; Cornel C Sieber; Eva Topinkova; Maurits Vandewoude; Marjolein Visser; Mauro Zamboni Journal: Age Ageing Date: 2019-01-01 Impact factor: 10.668
Authors: Devine S Frundi; Eva Kettig; Lena Luise Popp; Melanie Hoffman; Marine Dumartin; Magali Hughes; Edgar Lamy; Yvonne Joko Walburga Fru; Arjola Bano; Taulant Muka; Matthias Wilhelm Journal: Front Cardiovasc Med Date: 2022-07-22