Perceived risk of developing smoking-related disease among persons living with HIV.

Perceived risk of smoking is associated with smoking status, interest in quitting, cessation attempts, and quit success. Research is needed to explore risk perceptions of developing smoking-related disease among persons living with HIV (PLWH). Data came from 267 HIV-positive smokers who completed an online survey assessing perceived health risks associated with (a) generic smoking status; (b) generic non-smoking status; (c) their own personal current smoking; and (d) a hypothetical situation in which they were a non-smoker. PLWH perceived greater risk associated with their current smoking versus hypothetical personal non-smoking (p's < 0.001), and greater risks associated with generic smoking status compared with their current smoking (p's < 0.001). Being on HIV medication (β = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.17, 1.12), interest in quitting smoking (β = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.45, 1.32), and having an HIV healthcare provider who has recommended cessation (β = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.42, 1.67) were positively associated with perceived risk of developing smoking-related diseases. Findings have implications for developing targeted interventions to correct misperceptions regarding the health risks of smoking among PLWH, a population at particular risk for smoking and smoking-related morbidity and mortality.