Nicolene van der Sandt1, Natalie Schellack1, Lindi A Mabope2, Mothahadini P B Mawela3, Danie Kruger1,4, Brian Godman5,6,1. 1. From the Department of Pharmacy. 2. Department of Medicine, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, South Africa. 3. Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, South Africa and Pharmacy. 4. Private Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa. 5. Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden. 6. Health Economics Centre, Liverpool University Management School, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Appropriate use of surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis (SAP) is a concern in view of its impact on morbidity, mortality and costs. Little is currently known about SAP in South Africa. OBJECTIVE: To assess compliance to SAP guidelines for pediatric patients undergoing surgery in 1 of 4 surgical subspecialties among hospitals in South Africa. METHODS: An eight-month retrospective chart review in both a teaching hospital and a private hospital between February and August 2015. Prescriptions of antimicrobials as SAP were compared with current SAP Guidelines, consolidated from a literature review, regarding 5 criteria-appropriate antimicrobial selection, dosing, timing of administration, redosing and duration of treatment. RESULTS: We reviewed 224 charts, 112 from each hospital type. The majority (P = 1.000) of patients received SAP when indicated (77.3% and 100.0%, respectively, from the teaching and private hospitals). A noteworthy 21.1% and 45.9% of patients received antimicrobials without an indication, respectively, from teaching and private hospitals. Compliance to all 5 of the criteria was not met by either hospital type. Overall, the teaching hospital met the most criteria (3 out of 5) in 58.8% of situations. CONCLUSIONS: Current SAP practices in South Africa's teaching and private hospitals diverge from current SAP Guidelines. Inappropriate overuse of SAP occurs in both hospital sectors, while underuse was found in the teaching hospital. Full compliance to the 5 criteria was not met by either hospital. Noncompliance was largely attributed to inappropriate selection and dosing. Quality improvement interventions, continued surveillance and local standardized evidence-based SAP Guidelines are needed to improve care. This is already happening.
BACKGROUND: Appropriate use of surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis (SAP) is a concern in view of its impact on morbidity, mortality and costs. Little is currently known about SAP in South Africa. OBJECTIVE: To assess compliance to SAP guidelines for pediatric patients undergoing surgery in 1 of 4 surgical subspecialties among hospitals in South Africa. METHODS: An eight-month retrospective chart review in both a teaching hospital and a private hospital between February and August 2015. Prescriptions of antimicrobials as SAP were compared with current SAP Guidelines, consolidated from a literature review, regarding 5 criteria-appropriate antimicrobial selection, dosing, timing of administration, redosing and duration of treatment. RESULTS: We reviewed 224 charts, 112 from each hospital type. The majority (P = 1.000) of patients received SAP when indicated (77.3% and 100.0%, respectively, from the teaching and private hospitals). A noteworthy 21.1% and 45.9% of patients received antimicrobials without an indication, respectively, from teaching and private hospitals. Compliance to all 5 of the criteria was not met by either hospital type. Overall, the teaching hospital met the most criteria (3 out of 5) in 58.8% of situations. CONCLUSIONS: Current SAP practices in South Africa's teaching and private hospitals diverge from current SAP Guidelines. Inappropriate overuse of SAP occurs in both hospital sectors, while underuse was found in the teaching hospital. Full compliance to the 5 criteria was not met by either hospital. Noncompliance was largely attributed to inappropriate selection and dosing. Quality improvement interventions, continued surveillance and local standardized evidence-based SAP Guidelines are needed to improve care. This is already happening.
Authors: Lesley Cooper; Jacqueline Sneddon; Daniel Kwame Afriyie; Israel A Sefah; Amanj Kurdi; Brian Godman; R Andrew Seaton Journal: JAC Antimicrob Resist Date: 2020-10-05
Authors: Daniel Kwame Afriyie; Israel A Sefah; Jacqueline Sneddon; William Malcolm; Rachel McKinney; Lesley Cooper; Amanj Kurdi; Brian Godman; R Andrew Seaton Journal: JAC Antimicrob Resist Date: 2020-02-18