Zhensheng Wang1, David Y Graham2,3, Anam Khan4, Maya Balakrishnan4, Hannah R Abrams5, Hashem B El-Serag4,6, Aaron P Thrift1,7. 1. Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine. 2. Department of Medicine. 3. Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Michael E DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA. 4. Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine. 5. School of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. 6. Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety (IQuESt), Michael E DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA. 7. Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The incidence of gastric cancer, while declining in many places worldwide, is characterized by considerable geographical variability. The USA has large racial, ethnic and regional variation; we collected data from all 50 states to better characterize recent changes in gastric cancer incidence nationwide. METHODS: Annual gastric cancer incidence rates from 1999 to 2013 were extracted from the United States Cancer Statistics (USCS) registry. Secular trends of gastric cancer incidence were examined overall and by sociodemographic factors and states. We used Joinpoint regression to compute annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). SEER 13 registries data were extracted to examine the secular trends by cardia and non-cardia gastric cancers. RESULTS: Overall gastric cancer incidence decreased until 2007 (APC = -1.55, 95% CI: -1.88, -1.21), and remained stable thereafter (APC = -0.32, 95% CI: -0.84, 0.20). However, rates increased among persons <50 years of age (AAPC = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.61, 1.16), especially among non-Hispanic white females and Hispanic females. Incidence of non-cardia gastric cancer increased among persons <50 years of age (AAPC = 0.69, 95% CI: -0.06, 1.44), whereas rates of gastric cardia cancer remained unchanged. States with rapid increases in high-risk population groups (e.g. Hispanic females aged <50), including California and Texas, had highest annual increases in gastric cancer incidence. CONCLUSIONS: Divergent trends for gastric cancer incidence were observed in the USA. Incidence rates, particularly for non-cardia gastric cancer, were stable or increasing among persons aged <50 years.
BACKGROUND: The incidence of gastric cancer, while declining in many places worldwide, is characterized by considerable geographical variability. The USA has large racial, ethnic and regional variation; we collected data from all 50 states to better characterize recent changes in gastric cancer incidence nationwide. METHODS: Annual gastric cancer incidence rates from 1999 to 2013 were extracted from the United States Cancer Statistics (USCS) registry. Secular trends of gastric cancer incidence were examined overall and by sociodemographic factors and states. We used Joinpoint regression to compute annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). SEER 13 registries data were extracted to examine the secular trends by cardia and non-cardia gastric cancers. RESULTS: Overall gastric cancer incidence decreased until 2007 (APC = -1.55, 95% CI: -1.88, -1.21), and remained stable thereafter (APC = -0.32, 95% CI: -0.84, 0.20). However, rates increased among persons <50 years of age (AAPC = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.61, 1.16), especially among non-Hispanic white females and Hispanic females. Incidence of non-cardia gastric cancer increased among persons <50 years of age (AAPC = 0.69, 95% CI: -0.06, 1.44), whereas rates of gastric cardia cancer remained unchanged. States with rapid increases in high-risk population groups (e.g. Hispanic females aged <50), including California and Texas, had highest annual increases in gastric cancer incidence. CONCLUSIONS: Divergent trends for gastric cancer incidence were observed in the USA. Incidence rates, particularly for non-cardia gastric cancer, were stable or increasing among persons aged <50 years.
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