Bella Bielorai1,2, Orit Pinhas-Hamiel3,4. 1. Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and BMT, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, Israel. 2. Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. 3. Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. orit.hamiel@sheba.health.gov.il. 4. Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, Israel. orit.hamiel@sheba.health.gov.il.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: A growing number of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) survivors reach adulthood and face long-term health-related problems. We review risk factors and the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of obesity-related comorbidities, including abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, elevated blood pressure, impaired glucose metabolism, and type 2 diabetes in ALL and HSCT survivors. RECENT FINDINGS: Components of the MetS are already detected during the first year of ALL maintenance therapy and significantly worsen over time. The prevalence of MetS increases at a faster rate in this setting than in the general population. Factors found to be of the greatest potential risk to the development of the MetS are central obesity, increased BMI, irradiation therapy, older age, poor diet, and low level of physical activity. The early onset of MetS and its components among ALL and HSCT survivors calls for early and continuous screening to identify those at risk and to implement preventive measures.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: A growing number of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) survivors reach adulthood and face long-term health-related problems. We review risk factors and the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of obesity-related comorbidities, including abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, elevated blood pressure, impaired glucose metabolism, and type 2 diabetes in ALL and HSCT survivors. RECENT FINDINGS: Components of the MetS are already detected during the first year of ALL maintenance therapy and significantly worsen over time. The prevalence of MetS increases at a faster rate in this setting than in the general population. Factors found to be of the greatest potential risk to the development of the MetS are central obesity, increased BMI, irradiation therapy, older age, poor diet, and low level of physical activity. The early onset of MetS and its components among ALL and HSCT survivors calls for early and continuous screening to identify those at risk and to implement preventive measures.
Authors: Sidney C Smith; Luther T Clark; Richard S Cooper; Stephen R Daniels; Shiriki K Kumanyika; Elizabeth Ofili; Miguel A Quinones; Eduardo J Sanchez; Elijah Saunders; Susan D Tiukinhoy Journal: Circulation Date: 2005-03-15 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: Z DeFilipp; R F Duarte; J A Snowden; N S Majhail; D M Greenfield; J L Miranda; M Arat; K S Baker; L J Burns; C N Duncan; M Gilleece; G A Hale; M Hamadani; B K Hamilton; W J Hogan; J W Hsu; Y Inamoto; R T Kamble; M T Lupo-Stanghellini; A K Malone; P McCarthy; M Mohty; M Norkin; P Paplham; M Ramanathan; J M Richart; N Salooja; H C Schouten; H Schoemans; A Seber; A Steinberg; B M Wirk; W A Wood; M Battiwalla; M E D Flowers; B N Savani; B E Shaw Journal: Bone Marrow Transplant Date: 2016-08-22 Impact factor: 5.483
Authors: Kirsten K Ness; K Scott Baker; Donald R Dengel; Nancy Youngren; Shalamar Sibley; Ann C Mertens; James G Gurney Journal: Pediatr Blood Cancer Date: 2007-12 Impact factor: 3.838