Maria Matarese1, Marzia Lommi2, Maria Grazia De Marinis3, Barbara Riegel4. 1. Associate Professor, Research Unit of Nursing Science, Campus Bio-medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy. 2. Adjunct Professor, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. 3. Professor, Research Unit of Nursing Science, Campus Bio-medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy. 4. Professor and Edith Clemmer Steinbright Chair of Gerontology, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE: This systematic review identified, synthesized, and integrated concept analyses on self-care and related concepts. DESIGN: The guidelines for systematic literature reviews of the Joanna Briggs Institute were followed. METHODS: The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PubMed, PsycINFO, and EMBASE databases were searched for concept analyses published in the past 20 years. FINDINGS: A total of 26 concept analyses were identified that had been published on self-care, self-care agency, self-monitoring, self-management, self-management support, symptom management, and self-efficacy. Differences and commonalities in the examined literature were identified, and a model was delineated, explaining the relations among the various concepts from the nursing perspective. CONCLUSIONS: The healthcare literature has broadly described self-care and related concepts; however, consensus on the definitions remains beyond our reach and should not be expected, due to the different perspectives and paradigms from which the concepts are interpreted. From a nursing perspective, self-care can be considered a broad concept encompassing the other concepts, which describe more specific individual levels of activities and processes. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Nurses are actively involved in disease management and self-management support as well as in promoting self-care in healthy and sick people. Referring to a model on self-care and related concepts could avoid misinterpretations in nursing practice, research, and policy.
PURPOSE: This systematic review identified, synthesized, and integrated concept analyses on self-care and related concepts. DESIGN: The guidelines for systematic literature reviews of the Joanna Briggs Institute were followed. METHODS: The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PubMed, PsycINFO, and EMBASE databases were searched for concept analyses published in the past 20 years. FINDINGS: A total of 26 concept analyses were identified that had been published on self-care, self-care agency, self-monitoring, self-management, self-management support, symptom management, and self-efficacy. Differences and commonalities in the examined literature were identified, and a model was delineated, explaining the relations among the various concepts from the nursing perspective. CONCLUSIONS: The healthcare literature has broadly described self-care and related concepts; however, consensus on the definitions remains beyond our reach and should not be expected, due to the different perspectives and paradigms from which the concepts are interpreted. From a nursing perspective, self-care can be considered a broad concept encompassing the other concepts, which describe more specific individual levels of activities and processes. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Nurses are actively involved in disease management and self-management support as well as in promoting self-care in healthy and sick people. Referring to a model on self-care and related concepts could avoid misinterpretations in nursing practice, research, and policy.
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