Michelle M Mielke1, Clinton E Hagen2, Jing Xu3, Xiyun Chai3, Prashanthi Vemuri4, Val J Lowe4, David C Airey3, David S Knopman5, Rosebud O Roberts6, Mary M Machulda7, Clifford R Jack4, Ronald C Petersen6, Jeffrey L Dage3. 1. Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. Electronic address: mielke.michelle@mayo.edu. 2. Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. 3. Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA. 4. Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. 5. Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. 6. Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. 7. Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: We examined and compared plasma phospho-tau181 (pTau181) and total tau: (1) across the Alzheimer's disease (AD) clinical spectrum; (2) in relation to brain amyloid β (Aβ) positron emission tomography (PET), tau PET, and cortical thickness; and (3) as a screening tool for elevated brain Aβ. METHODS: Participants included 172 cognitively unimpaired, 57 mild cognitively impaired, and 40 AD dementia patients with concurrent Aβ PET (Pittsburgh compound B), tau PET (AV1451), magnetic resonance imaging, plasma total tau, and pTau181. RESULTS: Plasma total tau and pTau181 levels were higher in AD dementia patients than those in cognitively unimpaired. Plasma pTau181 was more strongly associated with both Aβ and tau PET. Plasma pTau181 was a more sensitive and specific predictor of elevated brain Aβ than total tau and was as good as, or better than, the combination of age and apolipoprotein E (APOE). DISCUSSION: Plasma pTau181 may have utility as a biomarker of AD pathophysiology and as a noninvasive screener for elevated brain Aβ.
INTRODUCTION: We examined and compared plasma phospho-tau181 (pTau181) and total tau: (1) across the Alzheimer's disease (AD) clinical spectrum; (2) in relation to brain amyloid β (Aβ) positron emission tomography (PET), tau PET, and cortical thickness; and (3) as a screening tool for elevated brain Aβ. METHODS:Participants included 172 cognitively unimpaired, 57 mild cognitively impaired, and 40 AD dementiapatients with concurrent Aβ PET (Pittsburgh compound B), tau PET (AV1451), magnetic resonance imaging, plasma total tau, and pTau181. RESULTS: Plasma total tau and pTau181 levels were higher in AD dementiapatients than those in cognitively unimpaired. Plasma pTau181 was more strongly associated with both Aβ and tau PET. Plasma pTau181 was a more sensitive and specific predictor of elevated brain Aβ than total tau and was as good as, or better than, the combination of age and apolipoprotein E (APOE). DISCUSSION: Plasma pTau181 may have utility as a biomarker of AD pathophysiology and as a noninvasive screener for elevated brain Aβ.
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