BACKGROUND: Measurement of immunoglobulins and complement proteins are frontline tests used in the assessment of immune system integrity, and reference values can vary with age. Their measurement provides an insight into the function of the innate and adaptive immune systems. METHODS: We generated pediatric reference ranges for IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, the IgG and IgA subclasses, and C3 and C4 using the Optilite™ turbidimetric analyzer. RESULTS: The concentrations of IgG, IgA, and IgD showed an increase with age, as expected, while IgM remained stable between the age groups. For the IgG subclasses, no significant differences were observed in IgG1 or IgG3, while IgG2 and IgG4 concentrations increased steadily with age. The concentration of IgG2 plateaued at 15-18 years, while IgG4 plateaued at 10-14 years. The trend of concentrations across all groups was IgG1 > IgG2 > IgG3 > IgG4. For both IgA1 and IgA2, concentrations increased significantly with age, plateauing at 15-18 years. The median IgA1 concentration was greater than IgA2 across all groups. There was a good correlation between the total IgG or IgA concentration and summation of their subclasses (R2 = 0.89, P < .0001, slope y = 0.98x + 14.51 mg/dL and R2 = 0.91, P < .0001, slope y = 1.35x-3.28 mg/dL, respectively). The concentration of C3 and C4 remained stable across the groups, with no significant differences observed. CONCLUSION: We have generated age-specific reference ranges in healthy children for C3, C4, IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD and the IgG and IgA subclasses using the Optilite™ turbidimetric analyzer. These ranges will help identify individuals with abnormal concentrations, thus will aid in the diagnosis of both primary and secondary immunological disorders.
BACKGROUND: Measurement of immunoglobulins and complement proteins are frontline tests used in the assessment of immune system integrity, and reference values can vary with age. Their measurement provides an insight into the function of the innate and adaptive immune systems. METHODS: We generated pediatric reference ranges for IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, the IgG and IgA subclasses, and C3 and C4 using the Optilite™ turbidimetric analyzer. RESULTS: The concentrations of IgG, IgA, and IgD showed an increase with age, as expected, while IgM remained stable between the age groups. For the IgG subclasses, no significant differences were observed in IgG1 or IgG3, while IgG2 and IgG4 concentrations increased steadily with age. The concentration of IgG2 plateaued at 15-18 years, while IgG4 plateaued at 10-14 years. The trend of concentrations across all groups was IgG1 > IgG2 > IgG3 > IgG4. For both IgA1 and IgA2, concentrations increased significantly with age, plateauing at 15-18 years. The median IgA1 concentration was greater than IgA2 across all groups. There was a good correlation between the total IgG or IgA concentration and summation of their subclasses (R2 = 0.89, P < .0001, slope y = 0.98x + 14.51 mg/dL and R2 = 0.91, P < .0001, slope y = 1.35x-3.28 mg/dL, respectively). The concentration of C3 and C4 remained stable across the groups, with no significant differences observed. CONCLUSION: We have generated age-specific reference ranges in healthy children for C3, C4, IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD and the IgG and IgA subclasses using the Optilite™ turbidimetric analyzer. These ranges will help identify individuals with abnormal concentrations, thus will aid in the diagnosis of both primary and secondary immunological disorders.
Authors: Uwe Schauer; Frank Stemberg; Christian H L Rieger; Michael Borte; Simone Schubert; Frank Riedel; Udo Herz; Harald Renz; Manfred Wick; Hugh D Carr-Smith; Arthur R Bradwell; Wilhelm Herzog Journal: Clin Chem Date: 2003-11 Impact factor: 8.327
Authors: Ga Kardar; M Oraei; M Shahsavani; Z Namdar; Ge Kazemisefat; Mt Haghi Ashtiani; S Shams; Z Pourpak; M Moin Journal: Iran J Public Health Date: 2012-07-31 Impact factor: 1.429
Authors: Pere Soler-Palacín; Javier de Gracia; Luis Ignacio González-Granado; Carlos Martín; Carlos Rodríguez-Gallego; Silvia Sánchez-Ramón Journal: Respir Res Date: 2018-11-12
Authors: Silvia Sánchez-Ramón; Arancha Bermúdez; Luis Ignacio González-Granado; Carlos Rodríguez-Gallego; Ana Sastre; Pere Soler-Palacín Journal: Front Immunol Date: 2019-03-26 Impact factor: 7.561
Authors: Mischa H Koenen; Madeleen Bosma; Udo A Roorda; Fabiënne My Wopereis; Anja Roos; Erhard van der Vries; Debby Bogaert; Elisabeth Am Sanders; Marianne Boes; Jojanneke Heidema; Joris M van Montfrans; Walter Af Balemans; Thijs C van Holten; Lilly M Verhagen Journal: Clin Transl Immunology Date: 2021-10-29