Florent Séguro1,2, Jean-Pierre Rabès3,4, Dorota Taraszkiewicz2, Jean-Bernard Ruidavets1, Vanina Bongard1, Jean Ferrières1,2. 1. Department of Epidemiology, Health Economics and Public Health, UMR 1027 INSERM-Université Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France. 2. Department of Cardiology, Toulouse-Rangueil University Hospital, Toulouse University School of Medicine, Toulouse, France. 3. Service de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ile-de-France Ouest, Boulogne-Billancourt, France. 4. UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, France.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a common autosomal dominant disease associated with premature coronary heart disease (CHD). Studies tend to show that patients with FH associated with an identified mutation (mutation+ FH) are at higher risk than patients without an identified mutation (mutation- FH). We compared the clinical and biological profile and the risk of CHD in patients with mutation+ FH and mutation- FH. HYPOTHESIS: In addition to LDL-C, a pathogenic mutation predicts premature CHD in FH. METHODS: We successively included all patients with suspected FH (LDL-C > 190 mg/dL if age > 18 years; LDL-C > 160 mg/dL if age < 18 years) and compared patients with a pathogenic mutation with those without an identified pathogenic mutation. RESULTS: We studied 179 patients with mutation+ FH and 147 with mutation- FH. The mean age was 44 (± 18) years. The lipid profile was more atherogenic in those with mutation+ FH, who had higher LDL-C (254 ± 69 mg/dL vs 218 ± 35 mg/dL; P < 0.01) and lower HDL-C (53 ± 14 mg/dL vs 58 ± 17 mg/dL; P < 0.01). Despite the more atherogenic nonlipid cardiovascular profile of patients with mutation- FH, the age of CHD onset was earlier in patients with mutation+ FH (48 vs 56 years; P = 0.026). After multiple adjustment, the presence of a positive mutation was significantly associated with premature CHD (OR: 3.0, 95% CI: 1.38-6.55, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with mutation+ FH have a more atherogenic lipid profile and a 3-fold higher risk of premature CHD, as well as earlier onset of CHD, than patients with mutation- FH.
BACKGROUND:Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a common autosomal dominant disease associated with premature coronary heart disease (CHD). Studies tend to show that patients with FH associated with an identified mutation (mutation+ FH) are at higher risk than patients without an identified mutation (mutation- FH). We compared the clinical and biological profile and the risk of CHD in patients with mutation+ FH and mutation- FH. HYPOTHESIS: In addition to LDL-C, a pathogenic mutation predicts premature CHD in FH. METHODS: We successively included all patients with suspected FH (LDL-C > 190 mg/dL if age > 18 years; LDL-C > 160 mg/dL if age < 18 years) and compared patients with a pathogenic mutation with those without an identified pathogenic mutation. RESULTS: We studied 179 patients with mutation+ FH and 147 with mutation- FH. The mean age was 44 (± 18) years. The lipid profile was more atherogenic in those with mutation+ FH, who had higher LDL-C (254 ± 69 mg/dL vs 218 ± 35 mg/dL; P < 0.01) and lower HDL-C (53 ± 14 mg/dL vs 58 ± 17 mg/dL; P < 0.01). Despite the more atherogenic nonlipid cardiovascular profile of patients with mutation- FH, the age of CHD onset was earlier in patients with mutation+ FH (48 vs 56 years; P = 0.026). After multiple adjustment, the presence of a positive mutation was significantly associated with premature CHD (OR: 3.0, 95% CI: 1.38-6.55, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS:Patients with mutation+ FH have a more atherogenic lipid profile and a 3-fold higher risk of premature CHD, as well as earlier onset of CHD, than patients with mutation- FH.
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