Marc D de Smet1,2, Gerrit J L Naus1, Koorosh Faridpooya3, Marco Mura4,5. 1. Preceyes BV, Eindhoven, the Netherlands. 2. Microinvasive Ocular Surgery Center (MIOS sa), Lausanne, Switzerland. 3. Rotterdam Eye Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. 4. King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 5. Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Provide an overview of the current landscape of robotics in ophthalmology, including the pros and cons of system designs, the clinical development path, and the likely future direction of the field. RECENT FINDINGS: Robots designed for eye surgery should meet certain basic requirements. Three designs are currently being developed: smart surgical tools such as the steady hand, comanipulation devices and telemanipulators using either a fixed or virtual remote center of motion. Successful human intraocular surgery is being performed using the Preceyes surgical system. Another telemanipulation robot, the da Vinci Surgical System, has been used to perform a pterygium repair in humans and was successful in ex-vivo corneal surgery despite its nonophthalmic design. Apart from Preceyes' BV research platform, none of the currently eye-specific systems has reached a commercial stage. Systems are likely to evolve from robotic assistance during specific procedural steps to semiautonomous surgery, as smart sensors are introduced to enhance the basic functionalities of robotic systems. SUMMARY: Robotics is still in its infancy in ophthalmology but is rapidly reaching a stage wherein it will be introduced into everyday ophthalmic practice. It will most likely be introduced first for demanding vitreo-retinal procedures, followed by anterior segment applications.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Provide an overview of the current landscape of robotics in ophthalmology, including the pros and cons of system designs, the clinical development path, and the likely future direction of the field. RECENT FINDINGS: Robots designed for eye surgery should meet certain basic requirements. Three designs are currently being developed: smart surgical tools such as the steady hand, comanipulation devices and telemanipulators using either a fixed or virtual remote center of motion. Successful human intraocular surgery is being performed using the Preceyes surgical system. Another telemanipulation robot, the da Vinci Surgical System, has been used to perform a pterygium repair in humans and was successful in ex-vivo corneal surgery despite its nonophthalmic design. Apart from Preceyes' BV research platform, none of the currently eye-specific systems has reached a commercial stage. Systems are likely to evolve from robotic assistance during specific procedural steps to semiautonomous surgery, as smart sensors are introduced to enhance the basic functionalities of robotic systems. SUMMARY: Robotics is still in its infancy in ophthalmology but is rapidly reaching a stage wherein it will be introduced into everyday ophthalmic practice. It will most likely be introduced first for demanding vitreo-retinal procedures, followed by anterior segment applications.
Authors: David A L Maberley; Maarten Beelen; Jorrit Smit; Thijs Meenink; Gerrit Naus; Clemens Wagner; Marc D de Smet Journal: Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol Date: 2020-02-03 Impact factor: 3.117
Authors: Tristan Bourcier; Jimmy Chammas; David Gaucher; Philippe Liverneaux; Jacques Marescaux; Claude Speeg-Schatz; Didier Mutter; Arnaud Sauer Journal: Transl Vis Sci Technol Date: 2019-05-29 Impact factor: 3.283
Authors: Müller G Urias; Niravkumar Patel; Changyan He; Ali Ebrahimi; Ji Woong Kim; Iulian Iordachita; Peter L Gehlbach Journal: Int J Retina Vitreous Date: 2019-12-16
Authors: Müller G Urias; Niravkumar Patel; Ali Ebrahimi; Iulian Iordachita; Peter L Gehlbach Journal: Transl Vis Sci Technol Date: 2020-09-01 Impact factor: 3.283