Leopoldo J Cabassa1, Sarah Piscitelli1, Morgan Haselden1, Rufina J Lee1, Susan M Essock1, Lisa B Dixon1. 1. Dr. Cabassa is with the George Warren Brown School of Social Work, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis. Ms. Piscitelli, Dr. Essock, and Dr. Dixon are with the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York. Dr. Essock and Dr. Dixon are also with the Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, where Ms. Haselden is affiliated. Dr. Lee is with the Lois V. and Samuel J. Silberman School of Social Work, Hunter College, New York.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to understand the pathways to care from the onset of a first episode of psychosis to entry into a specialized early intervention service (EIS) for individuals with nonaffective psychosis. METHODS: A sample of 20 individuals who participated in an EIS and ten of their family members were enrolled. Semistructured qualitative interviews were used to characterize participants' lives during the onset of psychosis and explore their help-seeking events from the onset of psychosis to entry into the EIS. Data were analyzed by using grounded theory and a case study methodology. RESULTS: The median duration between the onset of psychosis and EIS entry was 4.5 months. A grounded model emerged from the analysis that captured how help-seeking decisions were influenced by the misattribution of symptoms, stigma, and self-reliance. These factors created a cloud of uncertainty in which individuals experiencing early psychosis and their family members struggled to make sense of what was happening, how and when to seek help, and what to expect from treatment. Contacts with the health care system were critical junctures in the pathway to care that could reduce or increase uncertainty and expedite or delay EIS entry. CONCLUSIONS: Findings indicate that efforts to expedite EIS entry should focus on reducing the uncertainty that affected individuals and their family members face when seeking care by improving their experiences with mental health services.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to understand the pathways to care from the onset of a first episode of psychosis to entry into a specialized early intervention service (EIS) for individuals with nonaffective psychosis. METHODS: A sample of 20 individuals who participated in an EIS and ten of their family members were enrolled. Semistructured qualitative interviews were used to characterize participants' lives during the onset of psychosis and explore their help-seeking events from the onset of psychosis to entry into the EIS. Data were analyzed by using grounded theory and a case study methodology. RESULTS: The median duration between the onset of psychosis and EIS entry was 4.5 months. A grounded model emerged from the analysis that captured how help-seeking decisions were influenced by the misattribution of symptoms, stigma, and self-reliance. These factors created a cloud of uncertainty in which individuals experiencing early psychosis and their family members struggled to make sense of what was happening, how and when to seek help, and what to expect from treatment. Contacts with the health care system were critical junctures in the pathway to care that could reduce or increase uncertainty and expedite or delay EIS entry. CONCLUSIONS: Findings indicate that efforts to expedite EIS entry should focus on reducing the uncertainty that affected individuals and their family members face when seeking care by improving their experiences with mental health services.
Entities:
Keywords:
Early intervention services for psychosis; Families of the mentally ill; First episode psychosis; Pathways to care; Psychoses
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