Jelle de Gelder1, Jacinta A Lucke2, Bas de Groot2, Anne J Fogteloo3, Sander Anten4, Christian Heringhaus2, Olaf M Dekkers5, Gerard J Blauw1,6, Simon P Mooijaart7. 1. Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands. 2. Department of Emergency Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands. 3. Department of Section on Acute Care, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands. 4. Section on Acute Care, Department of Internal Medicine, Alrijne Hospital, Leiden, the Netherlands. 5. Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands. 6. Department of Internal Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, Bronovo, the Netherlands. 7. Institute of Evidence-Based Medicine in Old Age, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To study predictors of emergency department (ED) revisits and the association between ED revisits and 90-day functional decline or mortality. DESIGN: Multicenter cohort study. SETTING: One academic and two regional Dutch hospitals. PARTICIPANTS: Older adults discharged from the ED (N=1,093). MEASUREMENTS: At baseline, data on demographic characteristics, illness severity, and geriatric parameters (cognition, functional capacity) were collected. All participants were prospectively followed for an unplanned revisit within 30 days and for functional decline and mortality 90 days after the initial visit. RESULTS: The median age was 79 (interquartile range 74-84), and 114 participants (10.4%) had an ED revisit within 30 days of discharge. Age (hazard ratio (HR)=0.96, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.92-0.99), male sex (HR=1.61, 95% CI=1.05-2.45), polypharmacy (HR=2.06, 95% CI=1.34-3.16), and cognitive impairment (HR=1.71, 95% CI=1.02-2.88) were independent predictors of a 30-day ED revisit. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve to predict an ED revisit was 0.65 (95% CI=0.60-0.70). In a propensity score-matched analysis, individuals with an ED revisit were at higher risk (odds ratio=1.99 95% CI=1.06-3.71) of functional decline or mortality. CONCLUSION: Age, male sex, polypharmacy, and cognitive impairment were independent predictors of a 30-day ED revisit, but no useful clinical prediction model could be developed. However, an early ED revisit is a strong new predictor of adverse outcomes in older adults.
OBJECTIVES: To study predictors of emergency department (ED) revisits and the association between ED revisits and 90-day functional decline or mortality. DESIGN: Multicenter cohort study. SETTING: One academic and two regional Dutch hospitals. PARTICIPANTS: Older adults discharged from the ED (N=1,093). MEASUREMENTS: At baseline, data on demographic characteristics, illness severity, and geriatric parameters (cognition, functional capacity) were collected. All participants were prospectively followed for an unplanned revisit within 30 days and for functional decline and mortality 90 days after the initial visit. RESULTS: The median age was 79 (interquartile range 74-84), and 114 participants (10.4%) had an ED revisit within 30 days of discharge. Age (hazard ratio (HR)=0.96, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.92-0.99), male sex (HR=1.61, 95% CI=1.05-2.45), polypharmacy (HR=2.06, 95% CI=1.34-3.16), and cognitive impairment (HR=1.71, 95% CI=1.02-2.88) were independent predictors of a 30-day ED revisit. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve to predict an ED revisit was 0.65 (95% CI=0.60-0.70). In a propensity score-matched analysis, individuals with an ED revisit were at higher risk (odds ratio=1.99 95% CI=1.06-3.71) of functional decline or mortality. CONCLUSION: Age, male sex, polypharmacy, and cognitive impairment were independent predictors of a 30-day ED revisit, but no useful clinical prediction model could be developed. However, an early ED revisit is a strong new predictor of adverse outcomes in older adults.
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