Sotirios Posporelis1, Jennifer M Coughlin2, Anouk Marsman3, Subechhya Pradhan3, Teppei Tanaka4, Hongxing Wang4, Mark Varvaris4, Rebecca Ward4, Cecilia Higgs4, Jamie A Edwards4, Candice N Ford4, Pearl K Kim4, Ashley M Lloyd4, Richard A E Edden3, David J Schretlen4, Nicola G Cascella4, Peter B Barker3, Akira Sawa5. 1. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland; South London and Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom. 2. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland; Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland. 3. Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland. 4. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland. 5. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland. Electronic address: asawa1@jhmi.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Converging evidence suggests that cerebral metabolic and cellular homeostasis is altered in patients with recent onset of schizophrenia. As a possible marker of metabolic changes that might link to altered neurotransmission, we used proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy to estimate brain temperature, and we evaluated its relationship to a relevant metabolite, glutamate, within this study population. METHODS: Using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 7T, 20 patients with recent onset (≤24 months after first psychotic symptoms) of schizophrenia and 20 healthy control subjects were studied. We measured levels of N-acetylaspartate and glutamate and estimated brain temperature in a noninvasive manner. RESULTS: Healthy control subjects showed a significant negative correlation between glutamate and brain temperature in the anterior cingulate cortex. In contrast, the physiological correlation between glutamate and brain temperature was lost in patients with recent onset of schizophrenia. CONCLUSIONS: This study supports the hypothesized disrupted relationship between brain metabolism and neurotransmission in patients with recent onset of schizophrenia. The findings include mechanistic implications that are to be followed up in both preclinical and clinical studies.
BACKGROUND: Converging evidence suggests that cerebral metabolic and cellular homeostasis is altered in patients with recent onset of schizophrenia. As a possible marker of metabolic changes that might link to altered neurotransmission, we used proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy to estimate brain temperature, and we evaluated its relationship to a relevant metabolite, glutamate, within this study population. METHODS: Using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 7T, 20 patients with recent onset (≤24 months after first psychotic symptoms) of schizophrenia and 20 healthy control subjects were studied. We measured levels of N-acetylaspartate and glutamate and estimated brain temperature in a noninvasive manner. RESULTS: Healthy control subjects showed a significant negative correlation between glutamate and brain temperature in the anterior cingulate cortex. In contrast, the physiological correlation between glutamate and brain temperature was lost in patients with recent onset of schizophrenia. CONCLUSIONS: This study supports the hypothesized disrupted relationship between brain metabolism and neurotransmission in patients with recent onset of schizophrenia. The findings include mechanistic implications that are to be followed up in both preclinical and clinical studies.
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