Jinghua Niu1, Jiye Hu1. 1. College of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: To resist plant diseases, boscalid and triflumizole have been applied to cucumbers frequently. However, the residue and dietary risk assessment of these fungicides in cucumber should be given attention for food safety. RESULTS: An effective and highly sensitive method based on the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry technique for simultaneous multidetermination of boscalid, triflumizole and its metabolite (FM-6-1) in a cucumber ecosystem was established and validated. Field experiments were conducted in three different locations, where boscalid and triflumizole (35% suspension concentration) were applied at 253 g of active ingredient (a.i.) per hectare (the recommended high dosage) and 379.5 g a.i. ha-1 (1.5 times the recommended high dosage) in each location. The limits of quantification and the limits of detection of the proposed method ranged from 0.01 to 0.05 mg kg-1 and 3.9 × 10-5 to 7.5 × 10-4 mg L-1 respectively. The mean recoveries and relative standard deviations of these compounds were 80-105% and 1.0-6.1% respectively. The dissipation dynamics of compounds followed pseudo-first-order kinetic models remarkably, with a half-value period of 2.3-40.8 days. The residues of boscalid and triflumizole in cucumber at harvest were below 0.66 mg kg-1 and 0.07 mg kg-1 respectively. The results of the dietary risk assessments have shown a low dietary risk of compounds in cucumber with hazard ratios <1 and hazard index <1. CONCLUSION: These results from the experiments are the most important for putting a guide on reasonable usage of these fungicides under the open-field conditions in China.
BACKGROUND: To resist plant diseases, boscalid and triflumizole have been applied to cucumbers frequently. However, the residue and dietary risk assessment of these fungicides in cucumber should be given attention for food safety. RESULTS: An effective and highly sensitive method based on the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry technique for simultaneous multidetermination of boscalid, triflumizole and its metabolite (FM-6-1) in a cucumber ecosystem was established and validated. Field experiments were conducted in three different locations, where boscalid and triflumizole (35% suspension concentration) were applied at 253 g of active ingredient (a.i.) per hectare (the recommended high dosage) and 379.5 g a.i. ha-1 (1.5 times the recommended high dosage) in each location. The limits of quantification and the limits of detection of the proposed method ranged from 0.01 to 0.05 mg kg-1 and 3.9 × 10-5 to 7.5 × 10-4 mg L-1 respectively. The mean recoveries and relative standard deviations of these compounds were 80-105% and 1.0-6.1% respectively. The dissipation dynamics of compounds followed pseudo-first-order kinetic models remarkably, with a half-value period of 2.3-40.8 days. The residues of boscalid and triflumizole in cucumber at harvest were below 0.66 mg kg-1 and 0.07 mg kg-1 respectively. The results of the dietary risk assessments have shown a low dietary risk of compounds in cucumber with hazard ratios <1 and hazard index <1. CONCLUSION: These results from the experiments are the most important for putting a guide on reasonable usage of these fungicides under the open-field conditions in China.