L F Yang1, X Liu2, L L Lv3, Z M Ma4, X C Feng5, T H Ma6. 1. Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130024, China. Electronic address: yanglongfei@jlu.edu.cn. 2. Eye Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130024, China. Electronic address: dr_liuxin@jlu.edu.cn. 3. Department of Oncology and Hematology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China. Electronic address: lvlili2014@163.com. 4. Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130041, China. Electronic address: mazhiming@jlu.edu.cn. 5. College of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130041, China. Electronic address: fengxc997@nenu.edu.cn. 6. Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130024, China. Electronic address: tonghuima@dlmedu.edu.cn.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the antifungal activity of dracorhodin perchlorate (DP) against planktonic growth and virulence factors of Candida albicans. METHODS: Microdilution method based on CLSI-M27-A3 was used to test the antifungal susceptibility of DP. The activity of DP against biofilm formation and development of C. albicans was quantified by XTT assay and visualized by confocal laser scanning microscope. The effect of DP on the morphological transition of C. albicans induced by four kinds of hyphal-inducing media at 37°C for 4hours was observed under microscope. The rescue experiment by adding exogenous cAMP analog was performed to investigate the involvement of cAMP in the yeast to hyphal transition and biofilm formation of C. albicans. Egg yolk emulsion agar was used to determine the inhibition of DP on the phospholipase production of C. albicans. Human JEG-3 and HUVEC cell lines, as well as the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans was used to assess the toxicity of DP. RESULTS: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of DP is 64μM while the antifungal activity was fungistatic. As low as a concentration at 16μM, DP could inhibit the yeast to hyphal transition in liquid RPMI-1640, Spider, GlcNAc and 10% FBS-containing Sabouroud Dextrose medium, as well as on the solid spider agar. Exogenous cAMP analog could rescue part of biofilm viability of C. albicans. DP could inhibit the production of phospholipase. The toxicity of DP against human cells and C. elegans is low. CONCLUSION: DP could inhibit the planktonic growth and virulent factors in multiple stages, such as yeast to hyphal transition, adhesion, biofilm formation and production of phospholipase of C. albicans.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the antifungal activity of dracorhodin perchlorate (DP) against planktonic growth and virulence factors of Candida albicans. METHODS: Microdilution method based on CLSI-M27-A3 was used to test the antifungal susceptibility of DP. The activity of DP against biofilm formation and development of C. albicans was quantified by XTT assay and visualized by confocal laser scanning microscope. The effect of DP on the morphological transition of C. albicans induced by four kinds of hyphal-inducing media at 37°C for 4hours was observed under microscope. The rescue experiment by adding exogenous cAMP analog was performed to investigate the involvement of cAMP in the yeast to hyphal transition and biofilm formation of C. albicans. Egg yolk emulsion agar was used to determine the inhibition of DP on the phospholipase production of C. albicans. Human JEG-3 and HUVEC cell lines, as well as the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans was used to assess the toxicity of DP. RESULTS: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of DP is 64μM while the antifungal activity was fungistatic. As low as a concentration at 16μM, DP could inhibit the yeast to hyphal transition in liquid RPMI-1640, Spider, GlcNAc and 10% FBS-containing Sabouroud Dextrose medium, as well as on the solid spider agar. Exogenous cAMP analog could rescue part of biofilm viability of C. albicans. DP could inhibit the production of phospholipase. The toxicity of DP against human cells and C. elegans is low. CONCLUSION:DP could inhibit the planktonic growth and virulent factors in multiple stages, such as yeast to hyphal transition, adhesion, biofilm formation and production of phospholipase of C. albicans.
Authors: Jhones do Nascimento Dias; Calliandra de Souza Silva; Alyne Rodrigues de Araújo; Jessica Maria Teles Souza; Paulo Henrique de Holanda Veloso Júnior; Wanessa Felix Cabral; Maria da Glória da Silva; Peter Eaton; José Roberto de Souza de Almeida Leite; André Moraes Nicola; Patrícia Albuquerque; Ildinete Silva-Pereira Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2020-06-25 Impact factor: 4.379