Lucie Kolatorova1, Jana Vitku2, Richard Hampl3, Karolina Adamcova4, Tereza Skodova5, Marketa Simkova6, Antonin Parizek7, Luboslav Starka8, Michaela Duskova9. 1. Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrinology, Narodni 8, 116 94 Prague, Czech Republic. Electronic address: lkolatorova@endo.cz. 2. Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrinology, Narodni 8, 116 94 Prague, Czech Republic. Electronic address: jvitku@endo.cz. 3. Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrinology, Narodni 8, 116 94 Prague, Czech Republic. Electronic address: rhampl@endo.cz. 4. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General Teaching Hospital, Apolinarska 18, 128 51 Prague, Czech Republic. Electronic address: Karolina.Adamcova@vfn.cz. 5. Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrinology, Narodni 8, 116 94 Prague, Czech Republic. Electronic address: tchlupacova@endo.cz. 6. Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrinology, Narodni 8, 116 94 Prague, Czech Republic. Electronic address: msimkova@endo.cz. 7. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General Teaching Hospital, Apolinarska 18, 128 51 Prague, Czech Republic. Electronic address: parizek@porodnice.cz. 8. Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrinology, Narodni 8, 116 94 Prague, Czech Republic. Electronic address: lstarka@endo.cz. 9. Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrinology, Narodni 8, 116 94 Prague, Czech Republic. Electronic address: mduskova@endo.cz.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The harmful effects of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) on human health are generally well-known, and exposure during fetal development may have lasting effects. Fetal exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) has been recently relatively well-studied; however, less is known about alternatives such as bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol AF (BPAF), which have started to appear in consumer products. Parabens are another widespread group of EDCs, with confirmed transplacental passage. The usage of many cosmetic, pharmaceutical and consumer products during the pregnancy that may contain parabens and bisphenols has led to the need for investigation. OBJECTIVES: To shed more light into the transplacental transport of BPA, its alternatives, and parabens, and to study their relation to fetal steroidogenesis. METHODS: BPA, BPS, BPF, BPAF, methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben, butylparaben, benzylparaben and 15 steroids including estrogens, corticoids, androgens and immunomodulatory ones were determined in 27 maternal (37th week of pregnancy) and cord plasma samples using liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry methods. RESULTS: In cord blood, significantly higher BPA levels (p=0.0455) were observed compared to maternal plasma. The results from multiple regression models showed that in cord blood, methylparaben (β=-0.027, p=0.027), propylparaben (β=-0.025, p=0.03) and the sum of all measured parabens (β=-0.037, p=0.015) were inversely associated with testosterone levels. CONCLUSION: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the simultaneous detection of BPA, alternative bisphenols, parabens and steroids in maternal and cord plasma. Our study confirmed the transplacental transport of BPA, with likely accumulation in the fetal compartment. The negative association of cord blood parabens and testosterone levels points to possible risks with respect to importance of testosterone for prenatal male development.
BACKGROUND: The harmful effects of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) on human health are generally well-known, and exposure during fetal development may have lasting effects. Fetal exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) has been recently relatively well-studied; however, less is known about alternatives such as bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol AF (BPAF), which have started to appear in consumer products. Parabens are another widespread group of EDCs, with confirmed transplacental passage. The usage of many cosmetic, pharmaceutical and consumer products during the pregnancy that may contain parabens and bisphenols has led to the need for investigation. OBJECTIVES: To shed more light into the transplacental transport of BPA, its alternatives, and parabens, and to study their relation to fetal steroidogenesis. METHODS:BPA, BPS, BPF, BPAF, methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben, butylparaben, benzylparaben and 15 steroids including estrogens, corticoids, androgens and immunomodulatory ones were determined in 27 maternal (37th week of pregnancy) and cord plasma samples using liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry methods. RESULTS: In cord blood, significantly higher BPA levels (p=0.0455) were observed compared to maternal plasma. The results from multiple regression models showed that in cord blood, methylparaben (β=-0.027, p=0.027), propylparaben (β=-0.025, p=0.03) and the sum of all measured parabens (β=-0.037, p=0.015) were inversely associated with testosterone levels. CONCLUSION: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the simultaneous detection of BPA, alternative bisphenols, parabens and steroids in maternal and cord plasma. Our study confirmed the transplacental transport of BPA, with likely accumulation in the fetal compartment. The negative association of cord blood parabens and testosterone levels points to possible risks with respect to importance of testosterone for prenatal male development.
Authors: Amira M Aker; Kelly K Ferguson; Zaira Y Rosario; Bhramar Mukherjee; Akram N Alshawabkeh; José F Cordero; John D Meeker Journal: Environ Res Date: 2018-10-31 Impact factor: 6.498
Authors: Zorimar Rivera-Núñez; Pahriya Ashrap; Emily S Barrett; Deborah J Watkins; Amber L Cathey; Carmen M Vélez-Vega; Zaira Rosario; José F Cordero; Akram Alshawabkeh; John D Meeker Journal: Environ Int Date: 2020-12-13 Impact factor: 9.621