Nicole C Aurigemma1, Kristen J Koltun2, Hannah VanEvery3, Connie J Rogers4, Mary Jane De Souza5. 1. Women's Health and Exercise Lab, Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA. nca11@psu.edu. 2. Women's Health and Exercise Lab, Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA. 3. Departments of Nutritional Sciences and Clinical and Translational Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA. 4. Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA. 5. Women's Health and Exercise Lab, Department of Kinesiology and Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this review is to examine the anorexia nervosa-microbiota-bone relationship, offering a compilation of the relevant human and animal studies that may contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of potential mechanisms involved. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent studies have implicated fermentation by-products of the gut microbiota in bone metabolism. Compromised bone health often accompanies anorexia nervosa due to energy deficiency and hypoestrogenism. The gut microbiome has been implicated as a link between these conditions and impaired bone growth phenotypes. Current research supports decrements in Firmicutes and short-chain fatty acids with increases in Methanobrevibacter smithii and Proteobacteria in anorexia nervosa. A potential mechanism for microbiome-regulated bone growth is through modulation of insulin-like growth factor-1. Future research should aim to examine short-chain fatty acids, probiotics, and prebiotics as alternative therapies to treat low bone density in anorexia nervosa.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this review is to examine the anorexia nervosa-microbiota-bone relationship, offering a compilation of the relevant human and animal studies that may contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of potential mechanisms involved. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent studies have implicated fermentation by-products of the gut microbiota in bone metabolism. Compromised bone health often accompanies anorexia nervosa due to energy deficiency and hypoestrogenism. The gut microbiome has been implicated as a link between these conditions and impaired bone growth phenotypes. Current research supports decrements in Firmicutes and short-chain fatty acids with increases in Methanobrevibacter smithii and Proteobacteria in anorexia nervosa. A potential mechanism for microbiome-regulated bone growth is through modulation of insulin-like growth factor-1. Future research should aim to examine short-chain fatty acids, probiotics, and prebiotics as alternative therapies to treat low bone density in anorexia nervosa.
Entities:
Keywords:
Anorexia nervosa; Bone metabolism; Gut microbiota; Insulin-like growth factor-1; Osteoporosis; Short-chain fatty acids
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