Li Wu1, Lei Han2, Ying Zhan3, Lianhua Cui4, Wei'ai Chen5, Li Ma6, Jing Lv6, Rongfang Pan6, Didi Zhao1, Ziyi Xiao1. 1. School of Public Health, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China. 2. Clinical Nutrition Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, Shandong, China. Email: 13963903030@163.com. 3. Obstetrical Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, Shandong, China. 4. The College of Public Health Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China. 5. Obstetrical Department of Hospital of Huangdao Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, Shandong, China. 6. Clinical Nutrition Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study explored the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Chinese pregnant women and identified risk factors for GDM after the implementation of the universal two-child policy. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: On the basis of income and population, we randomly selected three hospitals through stratified and cluster sampling. From January 1 to July 31, 2016, 4959 women who had been registered within 12 weeks of gestation received a 75-g 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 24-28 gestational weeks. International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Group criteria were used for the diagnosis of GDM. RESULTS: The OGTT was positive in 1080 (21.8%; 1080/4959) women, who were then diagnosed as having GDM on the basis of their results. GDM was positively associated with the following factors: advanced maternal age (p<0.001; adjusted odds ratio [OR]=4.88; 95% confidence interval [CI]=2.38-10.0, pre-pregnancy body mass index overweight (OR=2.44, 95% CI=1.78-3.34)/obesity (OR=10.9, 95% CI=6-19.6; p<0.001), paternal history of diabetes (p=0.003; OR=2.54, 95% CI=1.38-4.67), and maternal history of diabetes (p<0.001; OR=3.6, 95% CI=2.16-5.98). CONCLUSIONS: Qingdao has an exceptionally high estimated prevalence of GDM. Widely recognized risk factors for GDM were advanced age, pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity, and a family history of diabetes in first-degree relatives. More options to prevent and manage GDM must be explored.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study explored the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Chinese pregnant women and identified risk factors for GDM after the implementation of the universal two-child policy. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: On the basis of income and population, we randomly selected three hospitals through stratified and cluster sampling. From January 1 to July 31, 2016, 4959 women who had been registered within 12 weeks of gestation received a 75-g 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 24-28 gestational weeks. International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Group criteria were used for the diagnosis of GDM. RESULTS: The OGTT was positive in 1080 (21.8%; 1080/4959) women, who were then diagnosed as having GDM on the basis of their results. GDM was positively associated with the following factors: advanced maternal age (p<0.001; adjusted odds ratio [OR]=4.88; 95% confidence interval [CI]=2.38-10.0, pre-pregnancy body mass index overweight (OR=2.44, 95% CI=1.78-3.34)/obesity (OR=10.9, 95% CI=6-19.6; p<0.001), paternal history of diabetes (p=0.003; OR=2.54, 95% CI=1.38-4.67), and maternal history of diabetes (p<0.001; OR=3.6, 95% CI=2.16-5.98). CONCLUSIONS: Qingdao has an exceptionally high estimated prevalence of GDM. Widely recognized risk factors for GDM were advanced age, pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity, and a family history of diabetes in first-degree relatives. More options to prevent and manage GDM must be explored.
Authors: Jigen Na; Huiting Chen; Hang An; Mengyuan Ren; Xiaoqian Jia; Bin Wang; Zhiwen Li; Xiaohong Liu; Rongwei Ye; Nan Li Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-04-13 Impact factor: 4.614