| Literature DB >> 29375145 |
Hannah Richter1, André Hennigs1, Benedikt Schaefgen1, Markus Hahn2, Jens Uwe Blohmer3, Sherko Kümmel4, Thorsten Kühn5, Marc Thill6, Kay Friedrichs7, Christof Sohn1, Michael Golatta1, Jörg Heil1.
Abstract
The likelihood of pathological complete remission (pCR) of breast cancer following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is increasing; most of all in the triple negative and HER2 positive tumour subgroups. The question thus arises whether or not breast surgery is necessary when there is complete remission after NACT, and whether it provides any improvement of the oncological treatment result when tumour is no longer detectable. Avoiding surgery and possibly even radiotherapy would only be conceivable on the basis of a reliable diagnosis of pCR without operating. Current imaging does not achieve the necessary sensitivity and specificity to assure the diagnosis of pathological complete remission. Further studies are therefore required to determine which methods are best able to evaluate tumour response to NACT. Studies on image-guided, minimally invasive biopsies after NACT have delivered first promising results towards diagnosing pCR before surgery and could provide the basis for further studies on the possibility of avoiding surgery in this specific patient collective.Entities:
Keywords: breast cancer; diagnosis; minimally invasive biopsies; neoadjuvant chemotherapy; surgery
Year: 2018 PMID: 29375145 PMCID: PMC5778196 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-124082
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd ISSN: 0016-5751 Impact factor: 2.915
Table 1 Overview of previous studies evaluating locoregional treatment regimens, adapted from 4 .
| Study | Study period | n | cCR | Locoregional therapy | 5-year LRR | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operation | Only RT | Operation (%) | Only RT (%) | ||||
| BCT: breast conserving therapy, cCR: clinical complete remission, LRR: locoregional recurrence rate, mtx: mastectomy, rD: residual disease, RT: radiotherapy | |||||||
|
De Lena et al.
| 1975 – 1980 | 132 (T3b–4, N0–2) | 100% of RT group, 60% of operation group | 65 | 67 | 29.6 | 31.1 |
|
Perloff et al.
| 1978 – 1983 | 87 | 18% | 43 | 44 | 19 | 27 |
|
Scholl et al.
| 1986 – 1990 | 200 | ? | 36 mtx ± RT, 62 BCT + RT | 102 | 24 | |
|
Touboul et al.
| 1982 – 1990 | 97 | 33 | 37 rD (> 3 cm), mtx; 27 rD (< 3 cm), BCT | 33 | 16 after BCT; 5.4 after mtx | 16 |
|
Ellis et al.
| 1985 – 1994 | 185 | 39 | 120; 29 mtx, 91 BCT | 39 | 7 | 21 |
|
Maruiac et al.
| 1985 – 1989 | 134 (T2–3) | 89; 40 BCT = RT, 49 mtx | 44 | 22.5 BCT + RT; 22.4 after mtx | 34 | |
Table 2 Overview of previous studies evaluating radiotherapy as the only locoregional therapy in the context of cCR, adapted from 4 .
| Study | Study period | n | cCR | Locoregional therapy | 5-year LRR | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operation | Only RT | Operation (%) | Only RT (%) | ||||
| cCR: clinical complete remission, LRR: locoregional recurrence rate, RT: radiotherapy | |||||||
|
Ring et al.
| 1986 – 1999 | 453 | 136 | 67 | 69 | 10 | 21 |
|
Daveau et al.
| 1985 – 1999 | 1477 (T2-3) | 165 | 65 | 100 | 12 | 23 |
Table 3 False negative rates and negative predictive values for predicting pathological complete remission in the breast using mammography, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging 4 .
| Study | n | Mammography | Ultrasound | MRI | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NPV (%) | FNR (%) | NPV (%) | FNR (%) | NPV (%) | FNR (%) | ||
|
a
NPV rose to 60% in triple negative tumours and to 62% in HR negative/HER2 positive tumours
| |||||||
|
Schott et al.
| 43 | 91 | 9 | 91 | 9 | 94 | 6 |
|
Peintinger et al.
| 162 | 93 | 7 | – | – | ||
|
Chen et al.
| 51 | – | – | – | – | 74 | 26 |
|
Bhattacharyya et al.
| 32 | – | – | – | – | 96 | – |
|
Keune et al.
| 192 | 86 | – | 85 | – | – | – |
|
Croshaw et al.
| 61 | 30 | 70 | 33 | 67 | 44 | 56 |
|
De Los Santos et al.
| 746 | – | – | – | – | 47 a | – |
|
Schaefgen et al.
| 143 | 52 | 13 | 51 | 24 | 60 | 4 |
Tab. 1 Überblick über Studien, die unterschiedliche lokoregionäre Therapieregime evaluiert haben, adaptiert nach 4 .
| Studie | Zeitraum der Studie | n | cCR | lokoregionale Therapie | 5-Jahres-LRR | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operation | RT allein | Operation (%) | RT allein (%) | ||||
| BET: brusterhaltende Therapie, cCR: klinische Komplettremission, LRR: lokoregionäre Rezidivrate, Mtx: Mastektomie, RD: Residual Disease, RT: Radiotherapie | |||||||
|
De Lena et al.
| 1975 – 1980 | 132 (T3b–4, N0–2) | 100% der RT-Gruppe, 60% der Operationsgruppe | 65 | 67 | 29,6 | 31,1 |
|
Perloff et al.
| 1978 – 1983 | 87 | 18% | 43 | 44 | 19 | 27 |
|
Scholl et al.
| 1986 – 1990 | 200 | ? | 36 Mtx ± RT, 62 BET + RT | 102 | 24 | |
|
Touboul et al.
| 1982 – 1990 | 97 | 33 | 37 RD (> 3 cm), Mtx; 27 RD (< 3 cm), BET | 33 | 16 nach BET; 5,4 nach Mtx | 16 |
|
Ellis et al.
| 1985 – 1994 | 185 | 39 | 120; 29 Mtx, 91 BET | 39 | 7 | 21 |
|
Maruiac et al.
| 1985 – 1989 | 134 (T2–3) | 89; 40 BET = RT, 49 Mtx | 44 | 22,5 BET + RT; 22,4 nach Mtx | 34 | |
Tab. 2 Überblick über Studien, die eine Radiotherapie bei cCR als alleinige lokoregionäre Therapie evaluiert haben, adaptiert nach 4 .
| Studie | Zeitraum der Studie | n | cCR | lokoregionale Therapie | 5-Jahres-LRR | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operation | RT allein | Operation (%) | RT allein (%) | ||||
| cCR: klinische Komplettremission, LRR: lokoregionäre Rezidivrate, RT: Radiotherapie | |||||||
|
Ring et al.
| 1986 – 1999 | 453 | 136 | 67 | 69 | 10 | 21 |
|
Daveau et al.
| 1985 – 1999 | 1477 (T2–3) | 165 | 65 | 100 | 12 | 23 |
Tab. 3 Falsch-negativ-Raten und negativ prädiktive Werte zur Vorhersage einer pathologischen Komplettremission in der Brust durch Mammografie, Ultraschall und Magnetresonanztomografie 4 .
| Studie | n | Mammografie | Ultraschall | MRT | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NPW (%) | FNR (%) | NPW (%) | FNR (%) | NPW (%) | FNR (%) | ||
|
a
Der NPW stieg auf 60% bei tripel-negativen und auf 62% bei HR-negativen/HER2-positiven Tumoren.
| |||||||
|
Schott et al.
| 43 | 91 | 9 | 91 | 9 | 94 | 6 |
|
Peintinger et al.
| 162 | 93 | 7 | – | – | ||
|
Chen et al.
| 51 | – | – | – | – | 74 | 26 |
|
Bhattacharyya et al.
| 32 | – | – | – | – | 96 | – |
|
Keune et al.
| 192 | 86 | – | 85 | – | – | – |
|
Croshaw et al.
| 61 | 30 | 70 | 33 | 67 | 44 | 56 |
|
De Los Santos et al.
| 746 | – | – | – | – | 47 a | – |
|
Schaefgen et al.
| 143 | 52 | 13 | 51 | 24 | 60 | 4 |