Chenglong Wang1, Dong Yin2, Weifa Shi3, Wenwen Huang3, Deling Zuo3, Qiang Lu4. 1. Faculty of Graduate Studies, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No.179 Mingxiu Dong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530001, China. 2. Department of Orthopedics, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No.6 Taoyuan Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530001, China. tangin2002@163.com. 3. Department of Orthopedics, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No.6 Taoyuan Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530001, China. 4. Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 99 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430060, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Many orthopaedic surgeons worry about asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) as a possible risk factor for prosthetic joint infection (PJI). However, available evidence establishing a direct link between ASB and PJI is limited. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate whether ASB is a factor for PJI and whether pre-operative antibiotic treatment shows benefit. METHOD: We systematically searched major databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library and EMBASE for studies. Risk ratio (RR) was calculated for included studies that reported raw counts with 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: Five studies involved 3588 joint arthroplasties and 441 cases of ASB (overall incidence 12.3%). Compared with the control group, PJI was more common in both patients in the ASB group (RR = 2.87; 95% CI, 1.65-5.00). But in all five studies, the micro-organisms isolated from PJI and urine cultures were not the same. Three of the five studies reported that the antibiotic treated the ASB prior to joint arthroplasty and compared the untreated ASB group.There was no significant difference between groups (RR = 0.89; 95% CI, 0.36-2.20). DISCUSSION: PJI occurring via the haematogenous route from the genitourinary tract harbouring bacteria in ASB is impossible. Pre-operative antibiotic treatment has no benefit. A plausible explanation could be an indicator of frailty and increased susceptibility to infection. CONCLUSIONS: ASB increased the risk of PJI in the meta-analysis. However, current evidence does not support systematic antibiotherapy prior to joint arthroplasty and screening for ASB.
BACKGROUND: Many orthopaedic surgeons worry about asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) as a possible risk factor for prosthetic joint infection (PJI). However, available evidence establishing a direct link between ASB and PJI is limited. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate whether ASB is a factor for PJI and whether pre-operative antibiotic treatment shows benefit. METHOD: We systematically searched major databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library and EMBASE for studies. Risk ratio (RR) was calculated for included studies that reported raw counts with 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: Five studies involved 3588 joint arthroplasties and 441 cases of ASB (overall incidence 12.3%). Compared with the control group, PJI was more common in both patients in the ASB group (RR = 2.87; 95% CI, 1.65-5.00). But in all five studies, the micro-organisms isolated from PJI and urine cultures were not the same. Three of the five studies reported that the antibiotic treated the ASB prior to joint arthroplasty and compared the untreated ASB group.There was no significant difference between groups (RR = 0.89; 95% CI, 0.36-2.20). DISCUSSION: PJI occurring via the haematogenous route from the genitourinary tract harbouring bacteria in ASB is impossible. Pre-operative antibiotic treatment has no benefit. A plausible explanation could be an indicator of frailty and increased susceptibility to infection. CONCLUSIONS:ASB increased the risk of PJI in the meta-analysis. However, current evidence does not support systematic antibiotherapy prior to joint arthroplasty and screening for ASB.
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Authors: Javad Parvizi; Benjamin Zmistowski; Elie F Berbari; Thomas W Bauer; Bryan D Springer; Craig J Della Valle; Kevin L Garvin; Michael A Mont; Montri D Wongworawat; Charalampos G Zalavras Journal: Clin Orthop Relat Res Date: 2011-11 Impact factor: 4.176