Alex V Rowlands1,2,3, Charlotte L Edwardson1,2, Melanie J Davies1,2, Kamlesh Khunti1,2,4, Deirdre M Harrington1,2, Tom Yates1,2. 1. Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UNITED KINGDOM. 2. NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UNITED KINGDOM. 3. Division of Health Sciences, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, AUSTRALIA. 4. NIHR Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care East Midlands, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UNITED KINGDOM.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Commonly used physical activity metrics tell us little about the intensity distribution across the activity profile. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a metric, the intensity gradient, which can be used in combination with average acceleration (overall activity level) to fully describe the activity profile. METHODS: A total of 1669 adolescent girls (sample 1) and 295 adults with type 2 diabetes (sample 2) wore a GENEActiv accelerometer on their nondominant wrist for up to 7 d. Body mass index and percent body fat were assessed in both samples and physical function (grip strength, Short Physical Performance Battery, and sit-to-stand repetitions) in sample 2. Physical activity metrics were as follows: average acceleration (AccelAV); the intensity gradient (IntensityGRAD from the log-log regression line: 25-mg intensity bins [x]/time accumulated in each bin [y]); total moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA); and bouted MVPA (sample 2 only). RESULTS: Correlations between AccelAV and IntensityGRAD (r = 0.39-0.51) were similar to correlations between AccelAV and bouted MVPA (r = 0.48) and substantially lower than between AccelAV and total MVPA (r ≥ 0.93). IntensityGRAD was negatively associated with body fatness in sample 1 (P < 0.05) and positively associated with physical function in sample 2 (P < 0.05); associations were independent of AccelAV and potential covariates. By contrast, MVPA was not independently associated with body fatness or physical function. CONCLUSION: AccelAV and IntensityGRAD provide a complementary description of a person's activity profile, each explaining unique variance, and independently associated with body fatness and/or physical function. Both metrics are appropriate for reporting as standardized measures and suitable for comparison across studies using raw acceleration accelerometers. Concurrent use will facilitate investigation of the relative importance of intensity and volume of activity for a given outcome.
PURPOSE: Commonly used physical activity metrics tell us little about the intensity distribution across the activity profile. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a metric, the intensity gradient, which can be used in combination with average acceleration (overall activity level) to fully describe the activity profile. METHODS: A total of 1669 adolescent girls (sample 1) and 295 adults with type 2 diabetes (sample 2) wore a GENEActiv accelerometer on their nondominant wrist for up to 7 d. Body mass index and percent body fat were assessed in both samples and physical function (grip strength, Short Physical Performance Battery, and sit-to-stand repetitions) in sample 2. Physical activity metrics were as follows: average acceleration (AccelAV); the intensity gradient (IntensityGRAD from the log-log regression line: 25-mg intensity bins [x]/time accumulated in each bin [y]); total moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA); and bouted MVPA (sample 2 only). RESULTS: Correlations between AccelAV and IntensityGRAD (r = 0.39-0.51) were similar to correlations between AccelAV and bouted MVPA (r = 0.48) and substantially lower than between AccelAV and total MVPA (r ≥ 0.93). IntensityGRAD was negatively associated with body fatness in sample 1 (P < 0.05) and positively associated with physical function in sample 2 (P < 0.05); associations were independent of AccelAV and potential covariates. By contrast, MVPA was not independently associated with body fatness or physical function. CONCLUSION: AccelAV and IntensityGRAD provide a complementary description of a person's activity profile, each explaining unique variance, and independently associated with body fatness and/or physical function. Both metrics are appropriate for reporting as standardized measures and suitable for comparison across studies using raw acceleration accelerometers. Concurrent use will facilitate investigation of the relative importance of intensity and volume of activity for a given outcome.
Authors: Alex V Rowlands; Nathan P Dawkins; Ben Maylor; Charlotte L Edwardson; Stuart J Fairclough; Melanie J Davies; Deirdre M Harrington; Kamlesh Khunti; Tom Yates Journal: Sports Med Open Date: 2019-12-05
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