NONPARAMETRIC GOODNESS-OF-FIT TESTS FOR UNIFORM STOCHASTIC ORDERING.

We propose Lp distance-based goodness-of-fit (GOF) tests for uniform stochastic ordering with two continuous distributions F and G, both of which are unknown. Our tests are motivated by the fact that when F and G are uniformly stochastically ordered, the ordinal dominance curve R = FG-1 is star-shaped. We derive asymptotic distributions and prove that our testing procedure has a unique least favorable configuration of F and G for p ∈ [1,∞]. We use simulation to assess finite-sample performance and demonstrate that a modified, one-sample version of our procedure (e.g., with G known) is more powerful than the one-sample GOF test suggested by Arcones and Samaniego (2000, Annals of Statistics). We also discuss sample size determination. We illustrate our methods using data from a pharmacology study evaluating the effects of administering caffeine to prematurely born infants.