BACKGROUND:Chronic pain is common in the United States and prescribed opioid analgesics use for noncancer pain has increased dramatically in the past two decades, possibly accounting for the current opioid addiction epidemic. Co-morbid drug use in those prescribed opioid analgesics is common, but there are few data on polysubstance use patterns. OBJECTIVE: We explored patterns of use of cigarette, alcohol, and illicit drugs in HIV-infected people with chronic pain who were prescribed opioid analgesics. METHODS: We conducted a secondary data analysis of screening interviews conducted as part of a parent randomized trial of financial incentives to improve HIV outcomes among drug users. In a convenience sample of people with HIV and chronic pain, we collected self-report data on demographic characteristics; pain; patterns of opioid analgesic use (both prescribed and illicit); cigarette, alcohol, and illicit drug use (including cannabis, heroin, and cocaine) within the past 30 days; and current treatment for drug use and HIV. RESULTS: Almost half of the sample of people with HIV and chronic pain reported current prescribed opioid analgesic use (N = 372, 47.1%). Illicit drug use was common (N = 505, 63.9%), and cannabis was the most commonly used illicit substance (N = 311, 39.4%). In multivariate analyses, only cannabis use was significantly associated with lower odds of prescribed opioid analgesic use (adjusted odds ratio = 0.57; 95% confidence interval: 0.38-0.87). Conclusions/Importance: Our data suggest that new medical cannabis legislation might reduce the need for opioid analgesics for pain management, which could help to address adverse events associated with opioid analgesic use.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND:Chronic pain is common in the United States and prescribed opioid analgesics use for noncancer pain has increased dramatically in the past two decades, possibly accounting for the current opioid addiction epidemic. Co-morbid drug use in those prescribed opioid analgesics is common, but there are few data on polysubstance use patterns. OBJECTIVE: We explored patterns of use of cigarette, alcohol, and illicit drugs in HIV-infectedpeople with chronic pain who were prescribed opioid analgesics. METHODS: We conducted a secondary data analysis of screening interviews conducted as part of a parent randomized trial of financial incentives to improve HIV outcomes among drug users. In a convenience sample of people with HIV and chronic pain, we collected self-report data on demographic characteristics; pain; patterns of opioid analgesic use (both prescribed and illicit); cigarette, alcohol, and illicit drug use (including cannabis, heroin, and cocaine) within the past 30 days; and current treatment for drug use and HIV. RESULTS: Almost half of the sample of people with HIV and chronic pain reported current prescribed opioid analgesic use (N = 372, 47.1%). Illicit drug use was common (N = 505, 63.9%), and cannabis was the most commonly used illicit substance (N = 311, 39.4%). In multivariate analyses, only cannabis use was significantly associated with lower odds of prescribed opioid analgesic use (adjusted odds ratio = 0.57; 95% confidence interval: 0.38-0.87). Conclusions/Importance: Our data suggest that new medical cannabis legislation might reduce the need for opioid analgesics for pain management, which could help to address adverse events associated with opioid analgesic use.
Authors: Donald I Abrams; Joan F Hilton; Roslyn J Leiser; Starley B Shade; Tarek A Elbeik; Francesca T Aweeka; Neal L Benowitz; Barry M Bredt; Bradley Kosel; Judith A Aberg; Steven G Deeks; Thomas F Mitchell; Kathleen Mulligan; Peter Bacchetti; Joseph M McCune; Morris Schambelan Journal: Ann Intern Med Date: 2003-08-19 Impact factor: 25.391
Authors: Michael H Andreae; George M Carter; Naum Shaparin; Kathryn Suslov; Ronald J Ellis; Mark A Ware; Donald I Abrams; Hannah Prasad; Barth Wilsey; Debbie Indyk; Matthew Johnson; Henry S Sacks Journal: J Pain Date: 2015-09-09 Impact factor: 5.820
Authors: Matthew J Mimiaga; Sari L Reisner; Chris Grasso; Heidi M Crane; Steven A Safren; Mari M Kitahata; Joseph E Schumacher; W Christopher Mathews; Kenneth H Mayer Journal: Am J Public Health Date: 2013-06-13 Impact factor: 9.308
Authors: Cecilia T Costiniuk; Zahra Saneei; Syim Salahuddin; Joseph Cox; Jean-Pierre Routy; Sergio Rueda; Sara J Abdallah; Dennis Jensen; Bertrand Lebouché; Marie-Josée Brouillette; Marina Klein; Jason Szabo; Charles Frenette; Andreas Giannakis; Mohammad-Ali Jenabian Journal: Cannabis Cannabinoid Res Date: 2019-09-23
Authors: Joanna L Starrels; Sarah R Young; Soraya S Azari; William C Becker; E Jennifer Edelman; Jane M Liebschutz; Jamie Pomeranz; Payel Roy; Shalini Saini; Jessica S Merlin Journal: Pain Med Date: 2020-02-01 Impact factor: 3.750
Authors: Jessica S Merlin; Dustin Long; William C Becker; Edward R Cachay; Katerina A Christopolous; Kasey R Claborn; Heidi M Crane; Eva Jennifer Edelman; Travis I Lovejoy; William Christopher Mathews; Benjamin J Morasco; Sonia Napravnik; Connall OʼCleirigh; Michael S Saag; Joanna L Starrels; Robert Gross; Jane M Liebschutz Journal: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Date: 2019-06-01 Impact factor: 3.731
Authors: Rishabh Verma; Farazul Hoda; Mawrah Arshad; Asif Iqubal; Ali Nasir Siddiqui; Mohammad Ahmed Khan; Syed Ehtaishamul Haque; Mohd Akhtar; Abul Kalam Najmi Journal: Med Cannabis Cannabinoids Date: 2021-05-21
Authors: William C Goedel; Alexandria Macmadu; Abdullah Shihipar; Patience Moyo; Magdalena Cerdá; Brandon D L Marshall Journal: Int J Drug Policy Date: 2021-10-23
Authors: Jessica S Merlin; Jeffrey H Samet; Debbie M Cheng; Marlene C Lira; Judith I Tsui; Leah S Forman; Jonathan Colasanti; Alexander Y Walley; Carlos Del Rio; Jane M Liebschutz Journal: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Date: 2019-10-01 Impact factor: 3.771